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A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials

Materials used for endodontics and with direct contact to tissues have a wide range of indications, from vital pulpal treatments to root filling materials and those used in endodontic surgery. In principle, interaction with dental materials may result in damage to tissues locally or systemically. Th...

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Autores principales: Hosseinpour, Sepanta, Gaudin, Alexis, Peters, Ove A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35124840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.13701
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author Hosseinpour, Sepanta
Gaudin, Alexis
Peters, Ove A.
author_facet Hosseinpour, Sepanta
Gaudin, Alexis
Peters, Ove A.
author_sort Hosseinpour, Sepanta
collection PubMed
description Materials used for endodontics and with direct contact to tissues have a wide range of indications, from vital pulpal treatments to root filling materials and those used in endodontic surgery. In principle, interaction with dental materials may result in damage to tissues locally or systemically. Thus, a great variety of test methods are applied to evaluate a materials' potential risk of adverse biological effects to ensure their biocompatibility before commercialization. However, the results of biocompatibility evaluations are dependent on not only the tested materials but also the test methods due to the diversity of these effects and numerous variables involved. In addition, diverse biological effects require equally diverse assessments on a structured and planned approach. Such a structured assessment of the materials consists of four phases: general toxicity, local tissue irritation, pre‐clinical tests and clinical evaluations. Various types of screening assays are available; it is imperative to understand their advantages and limitations to recognize their appropriateness and for an accurate interpretation of their results. Recent scientific advances are rapidly introducing new materials to endodontics including nanomaterials, gene therapy and tissue engineering biomaterials. These new modalities open a new era to restore and regenerate dental tissues; however, all these new technologies can also present new hazards to patients. Before any clinical usage, new materials must be proven to be safe and not hazardous to health. Certain international standards exist for safety evaluation of dental materials (ISO 10993 series, ISO 7405 and ISO 14155‐1), but researchers often fail to follow these standards due to lack of access to standards, limitation of the guidelines and complexity of new experimental methods, which may cause technical errors. Moreover, many laboratories have developed their testing strategy for biocompatibility, which makes any comparison between findings more difficult. The purpose of this review was to discuss the concept of biocompatibility, structured test programmes and international standards for testing the biocompatibility of endodontic material biocompatibility. The text will further detail current test methods for evaluating the biocompatibility of endodontic materials, and their advantages and limitations.
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spelling pubmed-93150362022-07-30 A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials Hosseinpour, Sepanta Gaudin, Alexis Peters, Ove A. Int Endod J Review Articles Materials used for endodontics and with direct contact to tissues have a wide range of indications, from vital pulpal treatments to root filling materials and those used in endodontic surgery. In principle, interaction with dental materials may result in damage to tissues locally or systemically. Thus, a great variety of test methods are applied to evaluate a materials' potential risk of adverse biological effects to ensure their biocompatibility before commercialization. However, the results of biocompatibility evaluations are dependent on not only the tested materials but also the test methods due to the diversity of these effects and numerous variables involved. In addition, diverse biological effects require equally diverse assessments on a structured and planned approach. Such a structured assessment of the materials consists of four phases: general toxicity, local tissue irritation, pre‐clinical tests and clinical evaluations. Various types of screening assays are available; it is imperative to understand their advantages and limitations to recognize their appropriateness and for an accurate interpretation of their results. Recent scientific advances are rapidly introducing new materials to endodontics including nanomaterials, gene therapy and tissue engineering biomaterials. These new modalities open a new era to restore and regenerate dental tissues; however, all these new technologies can also present new hazards to patients. Before any clinical usage, new materials must be proven to be safe and not hazardous to health. Certain international standards exist for safety evaluation of dental materials (ISO 10993 series, ISO 7405 and ISO 14155‐1), but researchers often fail to follow these standards due to lack of access to standards, limitation of the guidelines and complexity of new experimental methods, which may cause technical errors. Moreover, many laboratories have developed their testing strategy for biocompatibility, which makes any comparison between findings more difficult. The purpose of this review was to discuss the concept of biocompatibility, structured test programmes and international standards for testing the biocompatibility of endodontic material biocompatibility. The text will further detail current test methods for evaluating the biocompatibility of endodontic materials, and their advantages and limitations. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-02-28 2022-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9315036/ /pubmed/35124840 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.13701 Text en © 2022 The Authors. International Endodontic Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Endodontic Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Hosseinpour, Sepanta
Gaudin, Alexis
Peters, Ove A.
A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
title A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
title_full A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
title_fullStr A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
title_full_unstemmed A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
title_short A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
title_sort critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study biocompatibility of endodontic materials
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35124840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.13701
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