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Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial
Background and objectives: Ocular ultrasound is a core application of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to assist physicians in promptly identifying various ocular diseases at the bedside; however, hands-on POCUS training is challenging during a pandemic. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlle...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315691/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35888678 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070960 |
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author | Kang, Soo-Yeon Yoo, Jonghoon Park, Sookyung Jo, Ik-Joon Kim, Seonwoo Cho, Hyun Lee, Guntak Park, Jong-Eun Kim, Taerim Lee, Se-Uk Hwang, Sung-Yeon Cha, Won-Chul Shin, Tae-Gun Yoon, Hee |
author_facet | Kang, Soo-Yeon Yoo, Jonghoon Park, Sookyung Jo, Ik-Joon Kim, Seonwoo Cho, Hyun Lee, Guntak Park, Jong-Eun Kim, Taerim Lee, Se-Uk Hwang, Sung-Yeon Cha, Won-Chul Shin, Tae-Gun Yoon, Hee |
author_sort | Kang, Soo-Yeon |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background and objectives: Ocular ultrasound is a core application of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to assist physicians in promptly identifying various ocular diseases at the bedside; however, hands-on POCUS training is challenging during a pandemic. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial was conducted in an academic emergency department from October 2020 to April 2021. Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group H (hands-on learning group) participated individually in a hands-on session with a standardized patient for 30 min, whereas Group O (online learning group) learned training materials and video clips for 20 min. They scanned four eyeballs of two standardized patients sequentially following the ocular POCUS scan protocol. Repeated POCUS scans were performed 2 weeks later to assess skill maintenance. Both groups completed the pre- and post-surveys and knowledge tests. Two emergency medicine faculty members blindly evaluated the data and assigned a score of 0–25. The primary endpoint was the initial total score of scan quality evaluated using non-inferiority analysis (generalized estimating equation). The secondary endpoints were total scores for scan quality after 2 weeks, scan time, and knowledge test scores. Results: The least squares means of the total scores were 21.7 (0.35) for Group O and 21.3 (0.25) for Group H, and the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI) was greater than the non-inferiority margin of minus 2 (95% CI: −0.48–1.17). The second scan scores were not significantly different from those of the first scan. The groups did not differ in scanning time or knowledge test results; however, Group H showed higher subjective satisfaction with the training method (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that basic online ocular ultrasound education was not inferior to hands-on education, suggesting that it could be a useful educational approach in the pandemic era. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9315691 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93156912022-07-27 Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial Kang, Soo-Yeon Yoo, Jonghoon Park, Sookyung Jo, Ik-Joon Kim, Seonwoo Cho, Hyun Lee, Guntak Park, Jong-Eun Kim, Taerim Lee, Se-Uk Hwang, Sung-Yeon Cha, Won-Chul Shin, Tae-Gun Yoon, Hee Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and objectives: Ocular ultrasound is a core application of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to assist physicians in promptly identifying various ocular diseases at the bedside; however, hands-on POCUS training is challenging during a pandemic. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial was conducted in an academic emergency department from October 2020 to April 2021. Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group H (hands-on learning group) participated individually in a hands-on session with a standardized patient for 30 min, whereas Group O (online learning group) learned training materials and video clips for 20 min. They scanned four eyeballs of two standardized patients sequentially following the ocular POCUS scan protocol. Repeated POCUS scans were performed 2 weeks later to assess skill maintenance. Both groups completed the pre- and post-surveys and knowledge tests. Two emergency medicine faculty members blindly evaluated the data and assigned a score of 0–25. The primary endpoint was the initial total score of scan quality evaluated using non-inferiority analysis (generalized estimating equation). The secondary endpoints were total scores for scan quality after 2 weeks, scan time, and knowledge test scores. Results: The least squares means of the total scores were 21.7 (0.35) for Group O and 21.3 (0.25) for Group H, and the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI) was greater than the non-inferiority margin of minus 2 (95% CI: −0.48–1.17). The second scan scores were not significantly different from those of the first scan. The groups did not differ in scanning time or knowledge test results; however, Group H showed higher subjective satisfaction with the training method (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that basic online ocular ultrasound education was not inferior to hands-on education, suggesting that it could be a useful educational approach in the pandemic era. MDPI 2022-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9315691/ /pubmed/35888678 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070960 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kang, Soo-Yeon Yoo, Jonghoon Park, Sookyung Jo, Ik-Joon Kim, Seonwoo Cho, Hyun Lee, Guntak Park, Jong-Eun Kim, Taerim Lee, Se-Uk Hwang, Sung-Yeon Cha, Won-Chul Shin, Tae-Gun Yoon, Hee Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial |
title | Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial |
title_full | Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial |
title_fullStr | Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial |
title_full_unstemmed | Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial |
title_short | Online Learning versus Hands-On Learning of Basic Ocular Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial |
title_sort | online learning versus hands-on learning of basic ocular ultrasound skills: a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315691/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35888678 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070960 |
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