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Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Younger Infants First Presenting in Skin: A Case Series

Objectives—To investigate the clinical characteristics, managements, outcome, and evaluate the risk factors of Multisystem (MS) Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) with diverse skin lesions as the first sign in four young infants. Methods—Their clinical features, disease progression, therapy, and ou...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Han, Dan, Li, Fei, Yahya, Wahid H., Ge, Rui, Zhao, Yan, Liu, Bei, Zhou, Yan, Wen, Zhuoyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35887522
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12071024
Descripción
Sumario:Objectives—To investigate the clinical characteristics, managements, outcome, and evaluate the risk factors of Multisystem (MS) Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) with diverse skin lesions as the first sign in four young infants. Methods—Their clinical features, disease progression, therapy, and outcomes were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results—The average onset age of skin lesions was about 2 months. Cases 1 and 2 had risk organs involved (RO+) and a lack of bone lesions, and progression could not be reversed by systemic chemotherapy. They both died eventually. Cases 3 and 4 (RO–) had bone involvement and were given systemic chemotherapy for a prolonged duration. Unluckily, Case 3 had a recurrence 2 years later, while Case 4’s recurrence happened nearly one year later, and diabetes insipidus one and a half years later. They both survived and are still in remission. Conclusion—MS-LCH infants with a low age of the first presentation in the skin are prone to dissemination, while RO+ is associated with high mortality. In addition, bone involvement may be a protective factor. Immunohistochemical examination of skin tissue facilitates correct early diagnosis, and adequate follow-up is necessary.