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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair

The repair of critical bone defects is a hotspot of orthopedic research. With the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE), there is increasing evidence showing that the combined application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes...

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Autores principales: Wang, Dongxue, Cao, Hong, Hua, Weizhong, Gao, Lu, Yuan, Yu, Zhou, Xuchang, Zeng, Zhipeng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315966/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35877919
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070716
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author Wang, Dongxue
Cao, Hong
Hua, Weizhong
Gao, Lu
Yuan, Yu
Zhou, Xuchang
Zeng, Zhipeng
author_facet Wang, Dongxue
Cao, Hong
Hua, Weizhong
Gao, Lu
Yuan, Yu
Zhou, Xuchang
Zeng, Zhipeng
author_sort Wang, Dongxue
collection PubMed
description The repair of critical bone defects is a hotspot of orthopedic research. With the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE), there is increasing evidence showing that the combined application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, with hydrogels, scaffolds, and other bioactive materials has made great progress, exhibiting a good potential for bone regeneration. Recent studies have found that miRNAs, proteins, and other cargo loaded in EVs are key factors in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In BTE, the expression profile of the intrinsic cargo of EVs can be changed by modifying the gene expression of MSCs to obtain EVs with enhanced osteogenic activity and ultimately enhance the osteoinductive ability of bone graft materials. However, the current research on MSC-EVs for repairing bone defects is still in its infancy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, the effect of bioactive materials such as hydrogels and scaffolds combined with MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects is summarized, and the mechanism of MSC-EVs promoting bone defect repair by delivering active molecules such as internal miRNAs is further elucidated, which provides a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical application of MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects.
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spelling pubmed-93159662022-07-27 Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair Wang, Dongxue Cao, Hong Hua, Weizhong Gao, Lu Yuan, Yu Zhou, Xuchang Zeng, Zhipeng Membranes (Basel) Review The repair of critical bone defects is a hotspot of orthopedic research. With the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE), there is increasing evidence showing that the combined application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, with hydrogels, scaffolds, and other bioactive materials has made great progress, exhibiting a good potential for bone regeneration. Recent studies have found that miRNAs, proteins, and other cargo loaded in EVs are key factors in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In BTE, the expression profile of the intrinsic cargo of EVs can be changed by modifying the gene expression of MSCs to obtain EVs with enhanced osteogenic activity and ultimately enhance the osteoinductive ability of bone graft materials. However, the current research on MSC-EVs for repairing bone defects is still in its infancy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, the effect of bioactive materials such as hydrogels and scaffolds combined with MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects is summarized, and the mechanism of MSC-EVs promoting bone defect repair by delivering active molecules such as internal miRNAs is further elucidated, which provides a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical application of MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects. MDPI 2022-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9315966/ /pubmed/35877919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070716 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wang, Dongxue
Cao, Hong
Hua, Weizhong
Gao, Lu
Yuan, Yu
Zhou, Xuchang
Zeng, Zhipeng
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair
title Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair
title_full Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair
title_fullStr Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair
title_full_unstemmed Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair
title_short Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair
title_sort mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for bone defect repair
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315966/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35877919
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070716
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