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Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Oncogenic viral infection may lead to cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cervical cancer. In addition to the tumor cells themselves, the tumor microenvironment also plays a decisive role in tumor evolution. Oncogenic viruses can affect the tumor...

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Autores principales: Li, Jing, Zhang, Yan, Luo, Bing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884611
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143552
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author Li, Jing
Zhang, Yan
Luo, Bing
author_facet Li, Jing
Zhang, Yan
Luo, Bing
author_sort Li, Jing
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Oncogenic viral infection may lead to cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cervical cancer. In addition to the tumor cells themselves, the tumor microenvironment also plays a decisive role in tumor evolution. Oncogenic viruses can affect the tumor microenvironment via exosomes influencing the occurrence and development of tumors by encapsulating and transporting viral components. This review focuses on the effects of virus-infected cancer exosomes on tumor microenvironment and tumor progression. ABSTRACT: Exosomes are extracellular membrane vesicles with a diameter of 30–100 nm, produced by different eukaryotic cells that contain multitudinous lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. They transfer membrane components and nucleic acids between cells, thereby performing an information exchange between cells. Many studies have shown that a variety of tumor-associated viruses can exert their biological functions through exosomes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is very important in the occurrence, development, and chemoresistance of tumors. It is composed of tumor cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and acellular components, such as exosomes and cytokines. This review focuses on the effects of virus-related components secreted by tumor cells over the TME in several virus-associated cancers.
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spelling pubmed-93171962022-07-27 Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment Li, Jing Zhang, Yan Luo, Bing Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Oncogenic viral infection may lead to cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cervical cancer. In addition to the tumor cells themselves, the tumor microenvironment also plays a decisive role in tumor evolution. Oncogenic viruses can affect the tumor microenvironment via exosomes influencing the occurrence and development of tumors by encapsulating and transporting viral components. This review focuses on the effects of virus-infected cancer exosomes on tumor microenvironment and tumor progression. ABSTRACT: Exosomes are extracellular membrane vesicles with a diameter of 30–100 nm, produced by different eukaryotic cells that contain multitudinous lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. They transfer membrane components and nucleic acids between cells, thereby performing an information exchange between cells. Many studies have shown that a variety of tumor-associated viruses can exert their biological functions through exosomes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is very important in the occurrence, development, and chemoresistance of tumors. It is composed of tumor cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and acellular components, such as exosomes and cytokines. This review focuses on the effects of virus-related components secreted by tumor cells over the TME in several virus-associated cancers. MDPI 2022-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9317196/ /pubmed/35884611 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143552 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Li, Jing
Zhang, Yan
Luo, Bing
Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment
title Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment
title_full Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment
title_fullStr Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment
title_short Effects of Exosomal Viral Components on the Tumor Microenvironment
title_sort effects of exosomal viral components on the tumor microenvironment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884611
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143552
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