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Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers
Micromotors have spread widely in order to meet the needs of new applications, including cell operation, drug delivery, biosensing, precise surgery and environmental decontamination, due to their small size, low energy consumption and large propelling power, especially the newly designed multifuncti...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317653/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35888951 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071134 |
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author | Wang, Qiang Wang, Zhen |
author_facet | Wang, Qiang Wang, Zhen |
author_sort | Wang, Qiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Micromotors have spread widely in order to meet the needs of new applications, including cell operation, drug delivery, biosensing, precise surgery and environmental decontamination, due to their small size, low energy consumption and large propelling power, especially the newly designed multifunctional micromotors that combine many extra shape features in one device. Features such as rod-like receptors, dendritic biosensors and ball-like catalyzing enzymes are added to the outer surface of the tubular micromotor during fabrication to perform their special mission. However, the structural optimization of motion performance is still unclear. The main factor restricting the motion performance of the micromotors is the drag forces. The complex geometry of a micromotor makes its dynamic behavior more complicated in a fluid environment. This study aimed to design the optimum structure of tubular micromotors with minimum drag forces and obtain the magnitude of drag forces considering both the internal and external fluids of the micromotors. By using the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent 18.0 (ANSYS), the drag force and the drag coefficient of different conical micromotors were calculated. Moreover, the influence of the Reynolds numbers Re, the semi-cone angle δ and the ratios ξ and η on the drag coefficient was analyzed. The results show the drag force monotonically increased with Reynolds numbers Re and the ratio η. The extreme point of the drag curve is reached when the semi-cone angle δ is 8° and the ratio ξ is 3.846. This work provides theoretical support and guidance for optimizing the design and development of conical micromotors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9317653 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93176532022-07-27 Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers Wang, Qiang Wang, Zhen Micromachines (Basel) Article Micromotors have spread widely in order to meet the needs of new applications, including cell operation, drug delivery, biosensing, precise surgery and environmental decontamination, due to their small size, low energy consumption and large propelling power, especially the newly designed multifunctional micromotors that combine many extra shape features in one device. Features such as rod-like receptors, dendritic biosensors and ball-like catalyzing enzymes are added to the outer surface of the tubular micromotor during fabrication to perform their special mission. However, the structural optimization of motion performance is still unclear. The main factor restricting the motion performance of the micromotors is the drag forces. The complex geometry of a micromotor makes its dynamic behavior more complicated in a fluid environment. This study aimed to design the optimum structure of tubular micromotors with minimum drag forces and obtain the magnitude of drag forces considering both the internal and external fluids of the micromotors. By using the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent 18.0 (ANSYS), the drag force and the drag coefficient of different conical micromotors were calculated. Moreover, the influence of the Reynolds numbers Re, the semi-cone angle δ and the ratios ξ and η on the drag coefficient was analyzed. The results show the drag force monotonically increased with Reynolds numbers Re and the ratio η. The extreme point of the drag curve is reached when the semi-cone angle δ is 8° and the ratio ξ is 3.846. This work provides theoretical support and guidance for optimizing the design and development of conical micromotors. MDPI 2022-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9317653/ /pubmed/35888951 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071134 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Qiang Wang, Zhen Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers |
title | Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers |
title_full | Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers |
title_fullStr | Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers |
title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers |
title_short | Quantitative Analysis of Drag Force for Task-Specific Micromachine at Low Reynolds Numbers |
title_sort | quantitative analysis of drag force for task-specific micromachine at low reynolds numbers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317653/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35888951 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071134 |
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