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Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea

Community mitigation measures taken owing to the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a decrease in the number of respiratory viruses, including the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), and a delay in their occurrence. HPIV3 was rarely detected as a consequence of monitoring respiratory viral pathogen...

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Autores principales: Lee, Hongsu, Kim, Sun-Hee, Cho, Sun-Ju, Lee, Yeong-Un, Lee, Kwangho, Lee, Yong-Pyo, Seo, Jinjong, Chung, Yoon-Seok
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35891425
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14071446
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author Lee, Hongsu
Kim, Sun-Hee
Cho, Sun-Ju
Lee, Yeong-Un
Lee, Kwangho
Lee, Yong-Pyo
Seo, Jinjong
Chung, Yoon-Seok
author_facet Lee, Hongsu
Kim, Sun-Hee
Cho, Sun-Ju
Lee, Yeong-Un
Lee, Kwangho
Lee, Yong-Pyo
Seo, Jinjong
Chung, Yoon-Seok
author_sort Lee, Hongsu
collection PubMed
description Community mitigation measures taken owing to the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a decrease in the number of respiratory viruses, including the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), and a delay in their occurrence. HPIV3 was rarely detected as a consequence of monitoring respiratory viral pathogens in Gwangju, Korea, in 2020; however, it resurfaced as a delayed outbreak and peaked in September–October 2021. To understand the genetic characteristics of the reemerging virus, antigenic gene sequences and evolutionary analyses of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) genes were performed for 129 HPIV3 pathogens prevalent in Gwangju from 2018 to 2021. Unlike the prevalence of various HPIV3 strains in 2018-2019, the prevalence of HPIV3 by strains with reduced diversity was confirmed in 2021. It could be inferred that this decrease in genetic diversity was due to the restriction of inflow from other regions at home and abroad following the community mitigation measures and the spread within the region. The HPIV3 that emerged in 2021 consisted of HN coding regions that were 100% consistent with the sequence identified in Saitama, Japan, in 2018, and F coding regions exhibiting 99.6% homology to a sequence identified in India in 2017, among the ranks reported to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The emergence of a new lineage in a community can lead to a mass outbreak by collapsing the collective immunity of the existing acquired area; therefore, continuous monitoring is necessary.
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spelling pubmed-93177682022-07-27 Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea Lee, Hongsu Kim, Sun-Hee Cho, Sun-Ju Lee, Yeong-Un Lee, Kwangho Lee, Yong-Pyo Seo, Jinjong Chung, Yoon-Seok Viruses Article Community mitigation measures taken owing to the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a decrease in the number of respiratory viruses, including the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), and a delay in their occurrence. HPIV3 was rarely detected as a consequence of monitoring respiratory viral pathogens in Gwangju, Korea, in 2020; however, it resurfaced as a delayed outbreak and peaked in September–October 2021. To understand the genetic characteristics of the reemerging virus, antigenic gene sequences and evolutionary analyses of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) genes were performed for 129 HPIV3 pathogens prevalent in Gwangju from 2018 to 2021. Unlike the prevalence of various HPIV3 strains in 2018-2019, the prevalence of HPIV3 by strains with reduced diversity was confirmed in 2021. It could be inferred that this decrease in genetic diversity was due to the restriction of inflow from other regions at home and abroad following the community mitigation measures and the spread within the region. The HPIV3 that emerged in 2021 consisted of HN coding regions that were 100% consistent with the sequence identified in Saitama, Japan, in 2018, and F coding regions exhibiting 99.6% homology to a sequence identified in India in 2017, among the ranks reported to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The emergence of a new lineage in a community can lead to a mass outbreak by collapsing the collective immunity of the existing acquired area; therefore, continuous monitoring is necessary. MDPI 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9317768/ /pubmed/35891425 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14071446 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Hongsu
Kim, Sun-Hee
Cho, Sun-Ju
Lee, Yeong-Un
Lee, Kwangho
Lee, Yong-Pyo
Seo, Jinjong
Chung, Yoon-Seok
Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea
title Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea
title_full Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea
title_fullStr Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea
title_full_unstemmed Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea
title_short Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea
title_sort genetic analysis of hpiv3 that emerged during the sars-cov-2 pandemic in gwangju, south korea
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35891425
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14071446
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