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Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C
Most studies on surface persistence of SARS-CoV-2 have been conducted at temperatures between 20°C and 30°C. There is limited data on the survival of SARS-CoV-2 at low temperatures. In this study, the stability of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants on stainless steel was investigated at two tempera...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317854/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35867558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00764-22 |
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author | Onianwa, Okechukwu Garratt, Isobel Carter, Jennifer Spencer, Antony Verlander, Neville Q. Pottage, Thomas Bennett, Allan M. |
author_facet | Onianwa, Okechukwu Garratt, Isobel Carter, Jennifer Spencer, Antony Verlander, Neville Q. Pottage, Thomas Bennett, Allan M. |
author_sort | Onianwa, Okechukwu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Most studies on surface persistence of SARS-CoV-2 have been conducted at temperatures between 20°C and 30°C. There is limited data on the survival of SARS-CoV-2 at low temperatures. In this study, the stability of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants on stainless steel was investigated at two temperatures (4°C and 24°C). The results show that both variants decayed more rapidly at 24°C compared with 4°C. At 24°C, Alpha and Delta variants showed reductions of 0.33 log(10) and 1.02 log(10), respectively, within the first 2.5 h. However, at 4°C, Alpha variant showed a reduction of 0.16 log(10) within the first 2.5 h while no reduction was observed with Delta variant. After remaining in situ for 24 h at 24°C, log(10) reductions of 2.66 (Alpha) and 3.11 (Delta) were observed. No viable Alpha and Delta variant was recovered after 48 h and 72 h, respectively. After 24 h in a refrigerated environment (4°C) log(10) reductions of 1.16 (Alpha) and 0.95 (Delta) were observed. Under these experimental conditions, both viruses survived on stainless steel for at least 1 week. No viable Alpha and Delta variant was recovered after 10 days. These findings support the potential for increased fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during winter months in colder regions worldwide and in some industrial sectors. IMPORTANCE Human transmission is believed to occur primarily through direct transfer of infectious droplets or aerosols. However, fomite transmission through contact with contaminated surfaces may also play an important role. This study provides novel evidence comparing the stability of Alpha and Delta variants on stainless steel surfaces at 4°C and 24°C. At 4°C both variants were found to be still detectable for up to 7 days. At 24°C Delta variant could be recovered over 2 days compared with Alpha variant which could not be recovered after 2 days. This has implications for fomite transmission interventions for people living and working in cold environments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9317854 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93178542022-07-27 Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C Onianwa, Okechukwu Garratt, Isobel Carter, Jennifer Spencer, Antony Verlander, Neville Q. Pottage, Thomas Bennett, Allan M. Appl Environ Microbiol Environmental Microbiology Most studies on surface persistence of SARS-CoV-2 have been conducted at temperatures between 20°C and 30°C. There is limited data on the survival of SARS-CoV-2 at low temperatures. In this study, the stability of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants on stainless steel was investigated at two temperatures (4°C and 24°C). The results show that both variants decayed more rapidly at 24°C compared with 4°C. At 24°C, Alpha and Delta variants showed reductions of 0.33 log(10) and 1.02 log(10), respectively, within the first 2.5 h. However, at 4°C, Alpha variant showed a reduction of 0.16 log(10) within the first 2.5 h while no reduction was observed with Delta variant. After remaining in situ for 24 h at 24°C, log(10) reductions of 2.66 (Alpha) and 3.11 (Delta) were observed. No viable Alpha and Delta variant was recovered after 48 h and 72 h, respectively. After 24 h in a refrigerated environment (4°C) log(10) reductions of 1.16 (Alpha) and 0.95 (Delta) were observed. Under these experimental conditions, both viruses survived on stainless steel for at least 1 week. No viable Alpha and Delta variant was recovered after 10 days. These findings support the potential for increased fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during winter months in colder regions worldwide and in some industrial sectors. IMPORTANCE Human transmission is believed to occur primarily through direct transfer of infectious droplets or aerosols. However, fomite transmission through contact with contaminated surfaces may also play an important role. This study provides novel evidence comparing the stability of Alpha and Delta variants on stainless steel surfaces at 4°C and 24°C. At 4°C both variants were found to be still detectable for up to 7 days. At 24°C Delta variant could be recovered over 2 days compared with Alpha variant which could not be recovered after 2 days. This has implications for fomite transmission interventions for people living and working in cold environments. American Society for Microbiology 2022-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9317854/ /pubmed/35867558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00764-22 Text en © Crown copyright 2022. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Environmental Microbiology Onianwa, Okechukwu Garratt, Isobel Carter, Jennifer Spencer, Antony Verlander, Neville Q. Pottage, Thomas Bennett, Allan M. Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C |
title | Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C |
title_full | Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C |
title_fullStr | Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C |
title_short | Comparison of Surface Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants on Stainless Steel at 4°C and 24°C |
title_sort | comparison of surface persistence of sars-cov-2 alpha and delta variants on stainless steel at 4°c and 24°c |
topic | Environmental Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317854/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35867558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00764-22 |
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