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Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection

Viroids are the smallest plant pathogens, consisting of a single-stranded circular RNA of less than 500 ribonucleotides in length. Despite their noncoding nature, viroids elicit disease symptoms in many economically important plant hosts, and are, thus, a class of pathogens of great interest. How th...

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Autores principales: Joubert, Melissa, van den Berg, Noëlani, Theron, Jacques, Swart, Velushka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9318114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35887025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147677
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author Joubert, Melissa
van den Berg, Noëlani
Theron, Jacques
Swart, Velushka
author_facet Joubert, Melissa
van den Berg, Noëlani
Theron, Jacques
Swart, Velushka
author_sort Joubert, Melissa
collection PubMed
description Viroids are the smallest plant pathogens, consisting of a single-stranded circular RNA of less than 500 ribonucleotides in length. Despite their noncoding nature, viroids elicit disease symptoms in many economically important plant hosts, and are, thus, a class of pathogens of great interest. How these viroids establish disease within host plants, however, is not yet fully understood. Recent transcriptomic studies have revealed that viroid infection influences the expression of genes in several pathways and processes in plants, including defence responses, phytohormone signalling, cell wall modification, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, transport, gene expression and protein modification. There is much debate about whether affected pathways signify a plant response to viroid infection, or are associated with the appearance of disease symptoms in these interactions. In this review, we consolidate the findings of viroid–host transcriptome studies to provide an overview of trends observed in the data. When considered together, changes in the gene expression of different hosts upon viroid infection reveal commonalities and differences in diverse interactions. Here, we discuss whether trends in host gene expression can be correlated to plant defence or disease development during viroid infection, and highlight avenues for future research in this field.
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spelling pubmed-93181142022-07-27 Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection Joubert, Melissa van den Berg, Noëlani Theron, Jacques Swart, Velushka Int J Mol Sci Review Viroids are the smallest plant pathogens, consisting of a single-stranded circular RNA of less than 500 ribonucleotides in length. Despite their noncoding nature, viroids elicit disease symptoms in many economically important plant hosts, and are, thus, a class of pathogens of great interest. How these viroids establish disease within host plants, however, is not yet fully understood. Recent transcriptomic studies have revealed that viroid infection influences the expression of genes in several pathways and processes in plants, including defence responses, phytohormone signalling, cell wall modification, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, transport, gene expression and protein modification. There is much debate about whether affected pathways signify a plant response to viroid infection, or are associated with the appearance of disease symptoms in these interactions. In this review, we consolidate the findings of viroid–host transcriptome studies to provide an overview of trends observed in the data. When considered together, changes in the gene expression of different hosts upon viroid infection reveal commonalities and differences in diverse interactions. Here, we discuss whether trends in host gene expression can be correlated to plant defence or disease development during viroid infection, and highlight avenues for future research in this field. MDPI 2022-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9318114/ /pubmed/35887025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147677 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Joubert, Melissa
van den Berg, Noëlani
Theron, Jacques
Swart, Velushka
Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection
title Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection
title_full Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection
title_fullStr Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection
title_short Transcriptomics Advancement in the Complex Response of Plants to Viroid Infection
title_sort transcriptomics advancement in the complex response of plants to viroid infection
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9318114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35887025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147677
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