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Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing
The introduction of selective COX-2 inhibitors (so-called ‘coxibs’) has demonstrated tremendous commercial success due to their claimed lower potential of serious gastrointestinal adverse effects than traditional NSAIDs. However, following the repeated questioning on safety concerns, the coxibs ‘con...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9318302/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35890126 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15070827 |
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author | El-Malah, Afaf A. Gineinah, Magdy M. Deb, Pran Kishore Khayyat, Ahdab N. Bansal, Monika Venugopala, Katharigatta N. Aljahdali, Anfal S. |
author_facet | El-Malah, Afaf A. Gineinah, Magdy M. Deb, Pran Kishore Khayyat, Ahdab N. Bansal, Monika Venugopala, Katharigatta N. Aljahdali, Anfal S. |
author_sort | El-Malah, Afaf A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The introduction of selective COX-2 inhibitors (so-called ‘coxibs’) has demonstrated tremendous commercial success due to their claimed lower potential of serious gastrointestinal adverse effects than traditional NSAIDs. However, following the repeated questioning on safety concerns, the coxibs ‘controversial me-too’ saga increased substantially, inferring to the risk of cardiovascular complications, subsequently leading to the voluntary withdrawal of coxibs (e.g., rofecoxib and valdecoxib) from the market. For instance, the makers (Pfizer and Merck) had to allegedly settle individual claims of cardiovascular hazards from celecoxib and valdecoxib. Undoubtedly, the lessons drawn from this saga revealed the flaws in drug surveillance and regulation, and taught science to pursue a more integrated translational approach for data acquisition and interpretation, prompting science-based strategies of risk avoidance in order to sustain the value of such drugs, rather than their withdrawal. Looking forward, coxibs are now being studied for repurposing, given their possible implications in the management of a myriad of diseases, including cancer, epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, obesity, Alzheimer’s disease, and so on. This article briefly summarizes the development of COX-2 inhibitors to their market impression, followed by the controversy related to their toxicity. In addition, the events recollected in hindsight (the past lessons), the optimistic step towards drug repurposing (the present), and the potential for forthcoming success (the future) are also discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9318302 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93183022022-07-27 Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing El-Malah, Afaf A. Gineinah, Magdy M. Deb, Pran Kishore Khayyat, Ahdab N. Bansal, Monika Venugopala, Katharigatta N. Aljahdali, Anfal S. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Review The introduction of selective COX-2 inhibitors (so-called ‘coxibs’) has demonstrated tremendous commercial success due to their claimed lower potential of serious gastrointestinal adverse effects than traditional NSAIDs. However, following the repeated questioning on safety concerns, the coxibs ‘controversial me-too’ saga increased substantially, inferring to the risk of cardiovascular complications, subsequently leading to the voluntary withdrawal of coxibs (e.g., rofecoxib and valdecoxib) from the market. For instance, the makers (Pfizer and Merck) had to allegedly settle individual claims of cardiovascular hazards from celecoxib and valdecoxib. Undoubtedly, the lessons drawn from this saga revealed the flaws in drug surveillance and regulation, and taught science to pursue a more integrated translational approach for data acquisition and interpretation, prompting science-based strategies of risk avoidance in order to sustain the value of such drugs, rather than their withdrawal. Looking forward, coxibs are now being studied for repurposing, given their possible implications in the management of a myriad of diseases, including cancer, epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, obesity, Alzheimer’s disease, and so on. This article briefly summarizes the development of COX-2 inhibitors to their market impression, followed by the controversy related to their toxicity. In addition, the events recollected in hindsight (the past lessons), the optimistic step towards drug repurposing (the present), and the potential for forthcoming success (the future) are also discussed. MDPI 2022-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9318302/ /pubmed/35890126 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15070827 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review El-Malah, Afaf A. Gineinah, Magdy M. Deb, Pran Kishore Khayyat, Ahdab N. Bansal, Monika Venugopala, Katharigatta N. Aljahdali, Anfal S. Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing |
title | Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing |
title_full | Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing |
title_fullStr | Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing |
title_full_unstemmed | Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing |
title_short | Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: Road from Success to Controversy and the Quest for Repurposing |
title_sort | selective cox-2 inhibitors: road from success to controversy and the quest for repurposing |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9318302/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35890126 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15070827 |
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