The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D

Acute phase proteins (APPs), such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP), are elevated in type-2 diabetes (T2D) and are routinely used as biomarkers for this disease. These APPs are regulated by the peripheral mediators of stress (i.e., endo...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Speelman, Tammy, Dale, Lieke, Louw, Ann, Verhoog, Nicolette J. D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9321356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35883605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11142163
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author Speelman, Tammy
Dale, Lieke
Louw, Ann
Verhoog, Nicolette J. D.
author_facet Speelman, Tammy
Dale, Lieke
Louw, Ann
Verhoog, Nicolette J. D.
author_sort Speelman, Tammy
collection PubMed
description Acute phase proteins (APPs), such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP), are elevated in type-2 diabetes (T2D) and are routinely used as biomarkers for this disease. These APPs are regulated by the peripheral mediators of stress (i.e., endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs)) and inflammation (i.e., pro-inflammatory cytokines), with both implicated in the development of insulin resistance, the main risk factor for the development of T2D. In this review we propose that APPs, PAI-1, SAA, and CRP, could be the causative rather than only a correlative link between the physiological elements of risk (stress and inflammation) and the development of insulin resistance.
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spelling pubmed-93213562022-07-27 The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D Speelman, Tammy Dale, Lieke Louw, Ann Verhoog, Nicolette J. D. Cells Review Acute phase proteins (APPs), such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP), are elevated in type-2 diabetes (T2D) and are routinely used as biomarkers for this disease. These APPs are regulated by the peripheral mediators of stress (i.e., endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs)) and inflammation (i.e., pro-inflammatory cytokines), with both implicated in the development of insulin resistance, the main risk factor for the development of T2D. In this review we propose that APPs, PAI-1, SAA, and CRP, could be the causative rather than only a correlative link between the physiological elements of risk (stress and inflammation) and the development of insulin resistance. MDPI 2022-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9321356/ /pubmed/35883605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11142163 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Speelman, Tammy
Dale, Lieke
Louw, Ann
Verhoog, Nicolette J. D.
The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D
title The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D
title_full The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D
title_fullStr The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D
title_full_unstemmed The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D
title_short The Association of Acute Phase Proteins in Stress and Inflammation-Induced T2D
title_sort association of acute phase proteins in stress and inflammation-induced t2d
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9321356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35883605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11142163
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