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Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer
The multi-scale line-to-line vascular channels (LVCs) widely exist in nature because of their excellent transmission characteristics. In this paper, models of LVCs with turbulent convection heat transfer are established. Based on constructal theory and the entropy generation minimization principle,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9322715/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35885222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24070999 |
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author | Lin, Daoguang Xie, Zhihui Nan, Gang Jiang, Pan Ge, Yanlin |
author_facet | Lin, Daoguang Xie, Zhihui Nan, Gang Jiang, Pan Ge, Yanlin |
author_sort | Lin, Daoguang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The multi-scale line-to-line vascular channels (LVCs) widely exist in nature because of their excellent transmission characteristics. In this paper, models of LVCs with turbulent convection heat transfer are established. Based on constructal theory and the entropy generation minimization principle, the constructal optimizations of LVCs with any order are conducted by taking the angles at bifurcations as the optimization variables. The heat flux on the channel wall per unit length is fixed and uniform. The areas occupied by vasculature and the total volumes of channels are fixed. The analytical expressions of the optimal angles, dimensionless total entropy generation rate and entropy generation number (EGN) of LVCs with any order versus dimensionless mass flow rate are obtained, respectively. The results indicate that the dimensionless total entropy generation rate of LVCs with any order can be significantly decreased by optimizing the angles of LVCs, which is significantly more when the order of LVCs is higher. As the dimensionless mass flow rate increases, the optimal angles of LVCs with any order remain unchanged first, then the optimal angles at the entrance (root) increase, and the other optimal angles decrease continuously and finally tend to the respective stable values. The optimal angles of LVCs continue to increase from the entrance to the outlet (crown), i.e., the LVCs with a certain order gradually spread out from the root to the crown. The dimensionless total entropy generation rate and EGN of LVCs first decrease and then increase with the growth of the dimensionless mass flow rate. There is optimal dimensionless mass flow rate, making the dimensionless total entropy generation rate and the EGN reach their respective minimums. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines of thermal design and management for the practical applications of LVCs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9322715 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93227152022-07-27 Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer Lin, Daoguang Xie, Zhihui Nan, Gang Jiang, Pan Ge, Yanlin Entropy (Basel) Article The multi-scale line-to-line vascular channels (LVCs) widely exist in nature because of their excellent transmission characteristics. In this paper, models of LVCs with turbulent convection heat transfer are established. Based on constructal theory and the entropy generation minimization principle, the constructal optimizations of LVCs with any order are conducted by taking the angles at bifurcations as the optimization variables. The heat flux on the channel wall per unit length is fixed and uniform. The areas occupied by vasculature and the total volumes of channels are fixed. The analytical expressions of the optimal angles, dimensionless total entropy generation rate and entropy generation number (EGN) of LVCs with any order versus dimensionless mass flow rate are obtained, respectively. The results indicate that the dimensionless total entropy generation rate of LVCs with any order can be significantly decreased by optimizing the angles of LVCs, which is significantly more when the order of LVCs is higher. As the dimensionless mass flow rate increases, the optimal angles of LVCs with any order remain unchanged first, then the optimal angles at the entrance (root) increase, and the other optimal angles decrease continuously and finally tend to the respective stable values. The optimal angles of LVCs continue to increase from the entrance to the outlet (crown), i.e., the LVCs with a certain order gradually spread out from the root to the crown. The dimensionless total entropy generation rate and EGN of LVCs first decrease and then increase with the growth of the dimensionless mass flow rate. There is optimal dimensionless mass flow rate, making the dimensionless total entropy generation rate and the EGN reach their respective minimums. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines of thermal design and management for the practical applications of LVCs. MDPI 2022-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9322715/ /pubmed/35885222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24070999 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lin, Daoguang Xie, Zhihui Nan, Gang Jiang, Pan Ge, Yanlin Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer |
title | Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer |
title_full | Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer |
title_fullStr | Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer |
title_full_unstemmed | Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer |
title_short | Constructal Optimizations of Line-to-Line Vascular Channels with Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer |
title_sort | constructal optimizations of line-to-line vascular channels with turbulent convection heat transfer |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9322715/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35885222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24070999 |
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