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Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core

The TREX1 exonuclease degrades DNA to prevent aberrant nucleic-acid sensing through the cGAS-STING pathway, and dominant Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome type 1 (AGS1) represents one of numerous TREX1-related autoimmune diseases. Monoallelic TREX1 mutations were identified in patients showing early-onset...

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Autores principales: Amico, Giulia, Hemphill, Wayne O., Severino, Mariasavina, Moratti, Claudio, Pascarella, Rosario, Bertamino, Marta, Napoli, Flavia, Volpi, Stefano, Rosamilia, Francesca, Signa, Sara, Perrino, Fred, Zedde, Marialuisa, Ceccherini, Isabella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323106/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35885962
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071179
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author Amico, Giulia
Hemphill, Wayne O.
Severino, Mariasavina
Moratti, Claudio
Pascarella, Rosario
Bertamino, Marta
Napoli, Flavia
Volpi, Stefano
Rosamilia, Francesca
Signa, Sara
Perrino, Fred
Zedde, Marialuisa
Ceccherini, Isabella
author_facet Amico, Giulia
Hemphill, Wayne O.
Severino, Mariasavina
Moratti, Claudio
Pascarella, Rosario
Bertamino, Marta
Napoli, Flavia
Volpi, Stefano
Rosamilia, Francesca
Signa, Sara
Perrino, Fred
Zedde, Marialuisa
Ceccherini, Isabella
author_sort Amico, Giulia
collection PubMed
description The TREX1 exonuclease degrades DNA to prevent aberrant nucleic-acid sensing through the cGAS-STING pathway, and dominant Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome type 1 (AGS1) represents one of numerous TREX1-related autoimmune diseases. Monoallelic TREX1 mutations were identified in patients showing early-onset cerebrovascular disease, ascribable to small vessel disease, and CADASIL-like neuroimaging. We report the clinical-neuroradiological features of two patients with AGS-like (Patient A) and CADASIL-like (Patient B) phenotypes carrying the heterozygous p.A136V and p.R174G TREX1 variants, respectively. Genetic findings, obtained by a customized panel including 183 genes associated with monogenic stroke, were combined with interferon signature testing and biochemical assays to determine the mutations’ effects in vitro. Our results for the p.A136V variant are inconsistent with prior biochemistry-pathology correlates for dominant AGS-causing TREX1 mutants. The p.R174G variant modestly altered exonuclease activity in a manner consistent with perturbation of substrate interaction rather than catalysis, which represents the first robust enzymological data for a TREX1 variant identified in a CADASIL-like patient. In conclusion, functional analysis allowed us to interpret the impact of TREX1 variants on patients’ phenotypes. While the p.A136V variant is unlikely to be causative for AGS in Patient A, Patient B’s phenotype is potentially related to the p.R174G variant. Therefore, further functional investigations of TREX1 variants found in CADASIL-like patients are warranted to determine any causal link and interrogate the molecular disease mechanism(s).
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spelling pubmed-93231062022-07-27 Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core Amico, Giulia Hemphill, Wayne O. Severino, Mariasavina Moratti, Claudio Pascarella, Rosario Bertamino, Marta Napoli, Flavia Volpi, Stefano Rosamilia, Francesca Signa, Sara Perrino, Fred Zedde, Marialuisa Ceccherini, Isabella Genes (Basel) Article The TREX1 exonuclease degrades DNA to prevent aberrant nucleic-acid sensing through the cGAS-STING pathway, and dominant Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome type 1 (AGS1) represents one of numerous TREX1-related autoimmune diseases. Monoallelic TREX1 mutations were identified in patients showing early-onset cerebrovascular disease, ascribable to small vessel disease, and CADASIL-like neuroimaging. We report the clinical-neuroradiological features of two patients with AGS-like (Patient A) and CADASIL-like (Patient B) phenotypes carrying the heterozygous p.A136V and p.R174G TREX1 variants, respectively. Genetic findings, obtained by a customized panel including 183 genes associated with monogenic stroke, were combined with interferon signature testing and biochemical assays to determine the mutations’ effects in vitro. Our results for the p.A136V variant are inconsistent with prior biochemistry-pathology correlates for dominant AGS-causing TREX1 mutants. The p.R174G variant modestly altered exonuclease activity in a manner consistent with perturbation of substrate interaction rather than catalysis, which represents the first robust enzymological data for a TREX1 variant identified in a CADASIL-like patient. In conclusion, functional analysis allowed us to interpret the impact of TREX1 variants on patients’ phenotypes. While the p.A136V variant is unlikely to be causative for AGS in Patient A, Patient B’s phenotype is potentially related to the p.R174G variant. Therefore, further functional investigations of TREX1 variants found in CADASIL-like patients are warranted to determine any causal link and interrogate the molecular disease mechanism(s). MDPI 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9323106/ /pubmed/35885962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071179 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Amico, Giulia
Hemphill, Wayne O.
Severino, Mariasavina
Moratti, Claudio
Pascarella, Rosario
Bertamino, Marta
Napoli, Flavia
Volpi, Stefano
Rosamilia, Francesca
Signa, Sara
Perrino, Fred
Zedde, Marialuisa
Ceccherini, Isabella
Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
title Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
title_full Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
title_fullStr Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
title_full_unstemmed Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
title_short Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Functional Insights for Two Monoallelic TREX1 Missense Variants Affecting the Catalytic Core
title_sort genotype-phenotype correlation and functional insights for two monoallelic trex1 missense variants affecting the catalytic core
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323106/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35885962
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071179
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