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Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst
The commercial Calcium oxide was successfully embedded on activated carbon surfaces to increase the reactive surface area of a composite catalyst material CaO/AC. The composite catalyst material was also successfully packed in the tubular titanium dioxide/Aluminum dioxide ceramic membrane reactor us...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35877877 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070674 |
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author | Olagunju, Olusegun Ayodeji Musonge, Paul Kiambi, Sammy Lewis |
author_facet | Olagunju, Olusegun Ayodeji Musonge, Paul Kiambi, Sammy Lewis |
author_sort | Olagunju, Olusegun Ayodeji |
collection | PubMed |
description | The commercial Calcium oxide was successfully embedded on activated carbon surfaces to increase the reactive surface area of a composite catalyst material CaO/AC. The composite catalyst material was also successfully packed in the tubular titanium dioxide/Aluminum dioxide ceramic membrane reactor used to separate the biodiesel produced. Virgin soybean oil was used as precursor feedstock for the reaction. Using a central composite approach, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to obtain the optimum conditions for producing biodiesel from soybean oil. A total of four process factors were examined (2(4) experimental designs). 30 experiments were derived and run to investigate the effects of temperature, reaction time, methanol to oil molar ratio, and catalyst concentration (calcium oxide attached on activated carbon). 96.9 percent of soybean oil methyl ester (SOME/biodiesel) was produced at 65 °C temperature, 90 min of reaction time, 4.2:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil, and 3.0 wt.% catalyst concentration. The measured yield and expected biodiesel production values were correlated in a linear sequence. The fuel qualities of SOME/biodiesel were tested, including kinematic viscosity, density, flash point, copper corrosion, calorific value, cloud point, pour point, ash content, and carbon residue. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9323212 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93232122022-07-27 Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst Olagunju, Olusegun Ayodeji Musonge, Paul Kiambi, Sammy Lewis Membranes (Basel) Article The commercial Calcium oxide was successfully embedded on activated carbon surfaces to increase the reactive surface area of a composite catalyst material CaO/AC. The composite catalyst material was also successfully packed in the tubular titanium dioxide/Aluminum dioxide ceramic membrane reactor used to separate the biodiesel produced. Virgin soybean oil was used as precursor feedstock for the reaction. Using a central composite approach, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to obtain the optimum conditions for producing biodiesel from soybean oil. A total of four process factors were examined (2(4) experimental designs). 30 experiments were derived and run to investigate the effects of temperature, reaction time, methanol to oil molar ratio, and catalyst concentration (calcium oxide attached on activated carbon). 96.9 percent of soybean oil methyl ester (SOME/biodiesel) was produced at 65 °C temperature, 90 min of reaction time, 4.2:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil, and 3.0 wt.% catalyst concentration. The measured yield and expected biodiesel production values were correlated in a linear sequence. The fuel qualities of SOME/biodiesel were tested, including kinematic viscosity, density, flash point, copper corrosion, calorific value, cloud point, pour point, ash content, and carbon residue. MDPI 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9323212/ /pubmed/35877877 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070674 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Olagunju, Olusegun Ayodeji Musonge, Paul Kiambi, Sammy Lewis Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst |
title | Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst |
title_full | Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst |
title_fullStr | Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst |
title_full_unstemmed | Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst |
title_short | Production and Optimization of Biodiesel in a Membrane Reactor, Using a Solid Base Catalyst |
title_sort | production and optimization of biodiesel in a membrane reactor, using a solid base catalyst |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35877877 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070674 |
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