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Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes
The migratory behavior of wild birds contributes to the geographical spread of ticks and their microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dispersal and co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) in ticks infesting birds migrating northward in the African-W...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323704/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35889112 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071393 |
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author | Hoffman, Tove Sjödin, Andreas Öhrman, Caroline Karlsson, Linda McDonough, Ryelan Francis Sahl, Jason W. Birdsell, Dawn Wagner, David M. Carra, Laura G. Wilhelmsson, Peter Pettersson, John H.-O. Barboutis, Christos Figuerola, Jordi Onrubia, Alejandro Kiat, Yosef Piacentini, Dario Jaenson, Thomas G. T. Lindgren, Per-Eric Moutailler, Sara Fransson, Thord Forsman, Mats Nilsson, Kenneth Lundkvist, Åke Olsen, Björn |
author_facet | Hoffman, Tove Sjödin, Andreas Öhrman, Caroline Karlsson, Linda McDonough, Ryelan Francis Sahl, Jason W. Birdsell, Dawn Wagner, David M. Carra, Laura G. Wilhelmsson, Peter Pettersson, John H.-O. Barboutis, Christos Figuerola, Jordi Onrubia, Alejandro Kiat, Yosef Piacentini, Dario Jaenson, Thomas G. T. Lindgren, Per-Eric Moutailler, Sara Fransson, Thord Forsman, Mats Nilsson, Kenneth Lundkvist, Åke Olsen, Björn |
author_sort | Hoffman, Tove |
collection | PubMed |
description | The migratory behavior of wild birds contributes to the geographical spread of ticks and their microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dispersal and co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) in ticks infesting birds migrating northward in the African-Western Palaearctic region (AWPR). Birds were trapped with mist nests across the Mediterranean basin during the 2014 and 2015 spring migration. In total, 575 ticks were collected from 244 birds. We screened the ticks for the species Francisella tularensis, the genus Francisella, and SFGR by microfluidic real-time PCR. Confirmatory analyses and metagenomic sequencing were performed on tick samples that putatively tested positive for F. tularensis during initial screenings. Hyalomma rufipes was the most common tick species and had a high prevalence of Francisella, including co-occurrence of Francisella and SFGR. Metagenomic analysis of total DNA extracted from two H. rufipes confirmed the presence of Francisella, Rickettsia, and Midichloria. Average nucleotide identity and phylogenetic inference indicated the highest identity of the metagenome-assembled genomes to a Francisella-like endosymbiont (FLE), Rickettsia aeschlimannii, and Midichloria mitochondrii. The results of this study suggest that (i) FLE- and SFGR-containing ticks are dispersed by northbound migratory birds in the AWPR, (ii) H. rufipes likely is not involved in transmission of F. tularensis in the AWPR, and (iii) a dual endosymbiosis of FLEs and Midichloria may support some of the nutritional requirements of H. rufipes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9323704 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93237042022-07-27 Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes Hoffman, Tove Sjödin, Andreas Öhrman, Caroline Karlsson, Linda McDonough, Ryelan Francis Sahl, Jason W. Birdsell, Dawn Wagner, David M. Carra, Laura G. Wilhelmsson, Peter Pettersson, John H.-O. Barboutis, Christos Figuerola, Jordi Onrubia, Alejandro Kiat, Yosef Piacentini, Dario Jaenson, Thomas G. T. Lindgren, Per-Eric Moutailler, Sara Fransson, Thord Forsman, Mats Nilsson, Kenneth Lundkvist, Åke Olsen, Björn Microorganisms Article The migratory behavior of wild birds contributes to the geographical spread of ticks and their microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dispersal and co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) in ticks infesting birds migrating northward in the African-Western Palaearctic region (AWPR). Birds were trapped with mist nests across the Mediterranean basin during the 2014 and 2015 spring migration. In total, 575 ticks were collected from 244 birds. We screened the ticks for the species Francisella tularensis, the genus Francisella, and SFGR by microfluidic real-time PCR. Confirmatory analyses and metagenomic sequencing were performed on tick samples that putatively tested positive for F. tularensis during initial screenings. Hyalomma rufipes was the most common tick species and had a high prevalence of Francisella, including co-occurrence of Francisella and SFGR. Metagenomic analysis of total DNA extracted from two H. rufipes confirmed the presence of Francisella, Rickettsia, and Midichloria. Average nucleotide identity and phylogenetic inference indicated the highest identity of the metagenome-assembled genomes to a Francisella-like endosymbiont (FLE), Rickettsia aeschlimannii, and Midichloria mitochondrii. The results of this study suggest that (i) FLE- and SFGR-containing ticks are dispersed by northbound migratory birds in the AWPR, (ii) H. rufipes likely is not involved in transmission of F. tularensis in the AWPR, and (iii) a dual endosymbiosis of FLEs and Midichloria may support some of the nutritional requirements of H. rufipes. MDPI 2022-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9323704/ /pubmed/35889112 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071393 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hoffman, Tove Sjödin, Andreas Öhrman, Caroline Karlsson, Linda McDonough, Ryelan Francis Sahl, Jason W. Birdsell, Dawn Wagner, David M. Carra, Laura G. Wilhelmsson, Peter Pettersson, John H.-O. Barboutis, Christos Figuerola, Jordi Onrubia, Alejandro Kiat, Yosef Piacentini, Dario Jaenson, Thomas G. T. Lindgren, Per-Eric Moutailler, Sara Fransson, Thord Forsman, Mats Nilsson, Kenneth Lundkvist, Åke Olsen, Björn Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes |
title | Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes |
title_full | Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes |
title_fullStr | Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes |
title_full_unstemmed | Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes |
title_short | Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes |
title_sort | co-occurrence of francisella, spotted fever group rickettsia, and midichloria in avian-associated hyalomma rufipes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323704/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35889112 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071393 |
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