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Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels
The use of tobacco products is a major global public health issue, as it is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. In addition, nicotine (NIC) is a key component of electronic and conventional cigarettes. Although nicotine’s addictive potential is well known, its health effects are not en...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35886732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148881 |
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author | Chioran, Doina Sitaru, Adrian Macasoi, Ioana Pinzaru, Iulia Sarau, Cristian Andrei Dehelean, Cristina Dinu, Stefania Szuhanek, Camelia Zetu, Irina Nicoleta Serafin, Andra Cristine Rivis, Mircea Poenaru, Marioara Dragoi, Razvan |
author_facet | Chioran, Doina Sitaru, Adrian Macasoi, Ioana Pinzaru, Iulia Sarau, Cristian Andrei Dehelean, Cristina Dinu, Stefania Szuhanek, Camelia Zetu, Irina Nicoleta Serafin, Andra Cristine Rivis, Mircea Poenaru, Marioara Dragoi, Razvan |
author_sort | Chioran, Doina |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of tobacco products is a major global public health issue, as it is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. In addition, nicotine (NIC) is a key component of electronic and conventional cigarettes. Although nicotine’s addictive potential is well known, its health effects are not entirely understood. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to evaluate its toxicological profile both in vitro, at the level of three healthy cell lines, and in ovo, at the level of the chorioallantoic membrane. Five different concentrations of nicotine were used in keratinocytes, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes for the purpose of evaluating cell viability, cell morphology, and its impact on nuclei. Additionally, the hen’s egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) method was used to assess the biocompatibility and irritant potential of the chorioallantoic membrane. Across all cell lines studied, nicotine was proven to be significantly damaging to cell viability, with the highest concentration tested resulting in less than 2% viable cells. Moreover, the morphology of cells changed dramatically, with alterations in their shape and confluence. Nicotine-induced cell death appears to be apoptotic, based on its impact on the nucleus. In addition, nicotine was also found to have a very strong irritating effect on the chorioallantoic membrane. In conclusion, nicotine has an extremely strong toxicological profile, as demonstrated by the drastic reduction of cell viability and the induction of morphological changes and nuclear alterations associated with cellular apoptosis. Additionally, the HET-CAM method led to the observation of a strong irritating effect associated with nicotine. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9323709 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93237092022-07-27 Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels Chioran, Doina Sitaru, Adrian Macasoi, Ioana Pinzaru, Iulia Sarau, Cristian Andrei Dehelean, Cristina Dinu, Stefania Szuhanek, Camelia Zetu, Irina Nicoleta Serafin, Andra Cristine Rivis, Mircea Poenaru, Marioara Dragoi, Razvan Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The use of tobacco products is a major global public health issue, as it is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. In addition, nicotine (NIC) is a key component of electronic and conventional cigarettes. Although nicotine’s addictive potential is well known, its health effects are not entirely understood. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to evaluate its toxicological profile both in vitro, at the level of three healthy cell lines, and in ovo, at the level of the chorioallantoic membrane. Five different concentrations of nicotine were used in keratinocytes, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes for the purpose of evaluating cell viability, cell morphology, and its impact on nuclei. Additionally, the hen’s egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) method was used to assess the biocompatibility and irritant potential of the chorioallantoic membrane. Across all cell lines studied, nicotine was proven to be significantly damaging to cell viability, with the highest concentration tested resulting in less than 2% viable cells. Moreover, the morphology of cells changed dramatically, with alterations in their shape and confluence. Nicotine-induced cell death appears to be apoptotic, based on its impact on the nucleus. In addition, nicotine was also found to have a very strong irritating effect on the chorioallantoic membrane. In conclusion, nicotine has an extremely strong toxicological profile, as demonstrated by the drastic reduction of cell viability and the induction of morphological changes and nuclear alterations associated with cellular apoptosis. Additionally, the HET-CAM method led to the observation of a strong irritating effect associated with nicotine. MDPI 2022-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9323709/ /pubmed/35886732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148881 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chioran, Doina Sitaru, Adrian Macasoi, Ioana Pinzaru, Iulia Sarau, Cristian Andrei Dehelean, Cristina Dinu, Stefania Szuhanek, Camelia Zetu, Irina Nicoleta Serafin, Andra Cristine Rivis, Mircea Poenaru, Marioara Dragoi, Razvan Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels |
title | Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels |
title_full | Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels |
title_fullStr | Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels |
title_full_unstemmed | Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels |
title_short | Nicotine Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in a Panel of Healthy Cell Lines and Strong Irritating Potential on Blood Vessels |
title_sort | nicotine exerts cytotoxic effects in a panel of healthy cell lines and strong irritating potential on blood vessels |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35886732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148881 |
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