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Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have high burdens of nutrition-related chronic diseases. This has been associated with lack of access to adequate and affordable nutritious foods and increasing reliance on imported foods. Our aim in this study was to investigate dietary patterns and food insecu...

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Autores principales: Bhagtani, Divya, Augustus, Eden, Haynes, Emily, Iese, Viliamu, Brown, Catherine R., Fesaitu, Jioje, Hambleton, Ian, Badrie, Neela, Kroll, Florian, Saint-Ville, Arlette, Samuels, Thelma Alafia, Forouhi, Nita G., Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E., Unwin, Nigel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35889848
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142891
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author Bhagtani, Divya
Augustus, Eden
Haynes, Emily
Iese, Viliamu
Brown, Catherine R.
Fesaitu, Jioje
Hambleton, Ian
Badrie, Neela
Kroll, Florian
Saint-Ville, Arlette
Samuels, Thelma Alafia
Forouhi, Nita G.
Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E.
Unwin, Nigel
author_facet Bhagtani, Divya
Augustus, Eden
Haynes, Emily
Iese, Viliamu
Brown, Catherine R.
Fesaitu, Jioje
Hambleton, Ian
Badrie, Neela
Kroll, Florian
Saint-Ville, Arlette
Samuels, Thelma Alafia
Forouhi, Nita G.
Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E.
Unwin, Nigel
author_sort Bhagtani, Divya
collection PubMed
description Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have high burdens of nutrition-related chronic diseases. This has been associated with lack of access to adequate and affordable nutritious foods and increasing reliance on imported foods. Our aim in this study was to investigate dietary patterns and food insecurity and assess their associations with socio-demographic characteristics and food sources. We recruited individuals aged 15 years and above from rural and urban areas in Fiji (n = 186) and St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) (n = 147). Data collection included a 24 h diet recall, food source questionnaire and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. We conducted latent class analysis to identify dietary patterns, and multivariable regression to investigate independent associations with dietary patterns. Three dietary patterns were identified: (1) low pulses, and milk and milk products, (2) intermediate pulses, and milk and milk products and (3) most diverse. In both SIDS, dietary pattern 3 was associated with older age, regularly sourcing food from supermarkets and borrowing, exchanging, bartering or gifting (BEB). Prevalence of food insecurity was not statistically different across dietary patterns. In both SIDS, food insecurity was higher in those regularly sourcing food from small shops, and in SVG, lower in those regularly using BEB. These results complement previous findings and provide a basis for further investigation into the determinants of dietary patterns, dietary diversity and food insecurity in these settings.
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spelling pubmed-93238372022-07-27 Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States Bhagtani, Divya Augustus, Eden Haynes, Emily Iese, Viliamu Brown, Catherine R. Fesaitu, Jioje Hambleton, Ian Badrie, Neela Kroll, Florian Saint-Ville, Arlette Samuels, Thelma Alafia Forouhi, Nita G. Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E. Unwin, Nigel Nutrients Article Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have high burdens of nutrition-related chronic diseases. This has been associated with lack of access to adequate and affordable nutritious foods and increasing reliance on imported foods. Our aim in this study was to investigate dietary patterns and food insecurity and assess their associations with socio-demographic characteristics and food sources. We recruited individuals aged 15 years and above from rural and urban areas in Fiji (n = 186) and St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) (n = 147). Data collection included a 24 h diet recall, food source questionnaire and the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. We conducted latent class analysis to identify dietary patterns, and multivariable regression to investigate independent associations with dietary patterns. Three dietary patterns were identified: (1) low pulses, and milk and milk products, (2) intermediate pulses, and milk and milk products and (3) most diverse. In both SIDS, dietary pattern 3 was associated with older age, regularly sourcing food from supermarkets and borrowing, exchanging, bartering or gifting (BEB). Prevalence of food insecurity was not statistically different across dietary patterns. In both SIDS, food insecurity was higher in those regularly sourcing food from small shops, and in SVG, lower in those regularly using BEB. These results complement previous findings and provide a basis for further investigation into the determinants of dietary patterns, dietary diversity and food insecurity in these settings. MDPI 2022-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9323837/ /pubmed/35889848 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142891 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bhagtani, Divya
Augustus, Eden
Haynes, Emily
Iese, Viliamu
Brown, Catherine R.
Fesaitu, Jioje
Hambleton, Ian
Badrie, Neela
Kroll, Florian
Saint-Ville, Arlette
Samuels, Thelma Alafia
Forouhi, Nita G.
Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E.
Unwin, Nigel
Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States
title Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States
title_full Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States
title_fullStr Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States
title_short Dietary Patterns, Food Insecurity, and Their Relationships with Food Sources and Social Determinants in Two Small Island Developing States
title_sort dietary patterns, food insecurity, and their relationships with food sources and social determinants in two small island developing states
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9323837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35889848
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142891
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