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Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study

Background: The last decade has seen a growing number of comparative studies on adaptive profiles between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), showing shared and syndrome-specific adaptive trajectories. Studies have revealed similarities in global adapt...

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Autores principales: Alfieri, Paolo, Scibelli, Francesco, Montanaro, Federica Alice Maria, Digilio, Maria Cristina, Ravà, Lucilla, Valeri, Giovanni, Vicari, Stefano
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9324410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35886049
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071266
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author Alfieri, Paolo
Scibelli, Francesco
Montanaro, Federica Alice Maria
Digilio, Maria Cristina
Ravà, Lucilla
Valeri, Giovanni
Vicari, Stefano
author_facet Alfieri, Paolo
Scibelli, Francesco
Montanaro, Federica Alice Maria
Digilio, Maria Cristina
Ravà, Lucilla
Valeri, Giovanni
Vicari, Stefano
author_sort Alfieri, Paolo
collection PubMed
description Background: The last decade has seen a growing number of comparative studies on adaptive profiles between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), showing shared and syndrome-specific adaptive trajectories. Studies have revealed similarities in global adaptive profiles across conditions, while some differences have been found in preschoolers on the specific sub-domains of communication and socialization. However, the majority of studies that have focused on the differences in adaptive functioning across these two conditions used a cross-sectional design. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies exploring the differences and similarities of adaptive functioning over time. Methods: We compared longitudinal data of adaptive functioning measured by Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) between two samples of children and adolescents with ASD and WBS, matched for chronological age and cognitive/developmental level at the time of the first evaluation. Results and Conclusions: We did not find any difference on the global adaptive level, both at the first evaluation and over time. However, significant differences emerged on the socialization and communication levels at the time of recruitment. Longitudinal data show that only the socialization domain remains different over time, with individuals with WBS having better functioning than those with ASD. The results on shared and distinct patterns of adaptive functioning between disorders are discussed from a developmental perspective, thus contributing to the implementation of age-specific interventions.
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spelling pubmed-93244102022-07-27 Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study Alfieri, Paolo Scibelli, Francesco Montanaro, Federica Alice Maria Digilio, Maria Cristina Ravà, Lucilla Valeri, Giovanni Vicari, Stefano Genes (Basel) Article Background: The last decade has seen a growing number of comparative studies on adaptive profiles between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), showing shared and syndrome-specific adaptive trajectories. Studies have revealed similarities in global adaptive profiles across conditions, while some differences have been found in preschoolers on the specific sub-domains of communication and socialization. However, the majority of studies that have focused on the differences in adaptive functioning across these two conditions used a cross-sectional design. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies exploring the differences and similarities of adaptive functioning over time. Methods: We compared longitudinal data of adaptive functioning measured by Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) between two samples of children and adolescents with ASD and WBS, matched for chronological age and cognitive/developmental level at the time of the first evaluation. Results and Conclusions: We did not find any difference on the global adaptive level, both at the first evaluation and over time. However, significant differences emerged on the socialization and communication levels at the time of recruitment. Longitudinal data show that only the socialization domain remains different over time, with individuals with WBS having better functioning than those with ASD. The results on shared and distinct patterns of adaptive functioning between disorders are discussed from a developmental perspective, thus contributing to the implementation of age-specific interventions. MDPI 2022-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9324410/ /pubmed/35886049 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071266 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Alfieri, Paolo
Scibelli, Francesco
Montanaro, Federica Alice Maria
Digilio, Maria Cristina
Ravà, Lucilla
Valeri, Giovanni
Vicari, Stefano
Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
title Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
title_full Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
title_fullStr Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
title_full_unstemmed Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
title_short Differences and Similarities in Adaptive Functioning between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams–Beuren Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study
title_sort differences and similarities in adaptive functioning between children with autism spectrum disorder and williams–beuren syndrome: a longitudinal study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9324410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35886049
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071266
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