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The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: To understand the multiple and wide-ranging impacts of intensified youth sport, the need for a holistic approach to athlete development has recently been advocated. Sports schools are an increasingly popular operationalisation of intensified youth sport, aiming to offer an optimal enviro...

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Autores principales: Thompson, Ffion, Rongen, Fieke, Cowburn, Ian, Till, Kevin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9325842/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35260992
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01664-5
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author Thompson, Ffion
Rongen, Fieke
Cowburn, Ian
Till, Kevin
author_facet Thompson, Ffion
Rongen, Fieke
Cowburn, Ian
Till, Kevin
author_sort Thompson, Ffion
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To understand the multiple and wide-ranging impacts of intensified youth sport, the need for a holistic approach to athlete development has recently been advocated. Sports schools are an increasingly popular operationalisation of intensified youth sport, aiming to offer an optimal environment for holistic development by combining sport and education. Yet, no study has systematically explored the impacts associated with sports schools. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this mixed method systematic review were to (1) determine the characteristics and features of sports schools; (2) identify the methods used to evaluate sports school impacts, and (3) evaluate the positive and negative holistic athlete development impacts associated with sports school programme involvement. METHODS: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, eight electronic databases were searched until the final return in February 2021. Forty-six articles satisfied the inclusion criteria, were analysed thematically, and synthesised using a narrative approach. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS: Findings indicated (1) sports school student-athletes receive considerable support in terms of academic and athletic services, more intensified training and competition schedules with high-level training partners, but regularly miss school; (2) multiple methods have been used to evaluate student-athlete impacts, making comparison across studies and developing consensus on the impacts of sports schools difficult; and (3) there are a multitude of immediate, short- and long-term positive and negative impacts associated with the academic/vocational, athletic/physical, psychosocial and psychological development of sports school student-athletes. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to systematically review the research literature to understand the impacts associated with sports schools in terms of holistic athlete development. Practitioners should be aware that they can promote (positive) and negate (negative) health impacts through the design of an appropriate learning environment that simultaneously balances multiple training, academic, psychosocial and psychological factors that can be challenging for youth athletes. We recommend that practitioners aim to design and implement monitoring and evaluation tools that assess the holistic development of student-athletes within their sports schools to ensure they are promoting all-round and healthy youth athlete development.
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spelling pubmed-93258422022-07-28 The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review Thompson, Ffion Rongen, Fieke Cowburn, Ian Till, Kevin Sports Med Systematic Review BACKGROUND: To understand the multiple and wide-ranging impacts of intensified youth sport, the need for a holistic approach to athlete development has recently been advocated. Sports schools are an increasingly popular operationalisation of intensified youth sport, aiming to offer an optimal environment for holistic development by combining sport and education. Yet, no study has systematically explored the impacts associated with sports schools. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this mixed method systematic review were to (1) determine the characteristics and features of sports schools; (2) identify the methods used to evaluate sports school impacts, and (3) evaluate the positive and negative holistic athlete development impacts associated with sports school programme involvement. METHODS: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, eight electronic databases were searched until the final return in February 2021. Forty-six articles satisfied the inclusion criteria, were analysed thematically, and synthesised using a narrative approach. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS: Findings indicated (1) sports school student-athletes receive considerable support in terms of academic and athletic services, more intensified training and competition schedules with high-level training partners, but regularly miss school; (2) multiple methods have been used to evaluate student-athlete impacts, making comparison across studies and developing consensus on the impacts of sports schools difficult; and (3) there are a multitude of immediate, short- and long-term positive and negative impacts associated with the academic/vocational, athletic/physical, psychosocial and psychological development of sports school student-athletes. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to systematically review the research literature to understand the impacts associated with sports schools in terms of holistic athlete development. Practitioners should be aware that they can promote (positive) and negate (negative) health impacts through the design of an appropriate learning environment that simultaneously balances multiple training, academic, psychosocial and psychological factors that can be challenging for youth athletes. We recommend that practitioners aim to design and implement monitoring and evaluation tools that assess the holistic development of student-athletes within their sports schools to ensure they are promoting all-round and healthy youth athlete development. Springer International Publishing 2022-03-09 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9325842/ /pubmed/35260992 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01664-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Thompson, Ffion
Rongen, Fieke
Cowburn, Ian
Till, Kevin
The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
title The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
title_full The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
title_fullStr The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
title_short The Impacts of Sports Schools on Holistic Athlete Development: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
title_sort impacts of sports schools on holistic athlete development: a mixed methods systematic review
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9325842/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35260992
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01664-5
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