Cargando…

Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students

Pharmacists must integrate foundational sciences with pharmacy practice for providing optimal patient care. Pharmacy students need to be trained to provide culturally competent, linguistically accessible, and empathetic care while integrating foundational science principles. However, such holistic i...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Malhotra, Ashim, Oh, Song, Jin, Zhuqiu, Feng, Xiaodong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9326578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35893714
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10040077
_version_ 1784757319079297024
author Malhotra, Ashim
Oh, Song
Jin, Zhuqiu
Feng, Xiaodong
author_facet Malhotra, Ashim
Oh, Song
Jin, Zhuqiu
Feng, Xiaodong
author_sort Malhotra, Ashim
collection PubMed
description Pharmacists must integrate foundational sciences with pharmacy practice for providing optimal patient care. Pharmacy students need to be trained to provide culturally competent, linguistically accessible, and empathetic care while integrating foundational science principles. However, such holistic integration is challenging to achieve and assess. To bridge this gap, we implemented and assessed an “integrated cardiovascular simulation” (ICS) module for P2 students, employing case-based and team-based learning. ICS focused on congestive heart failure with preexisting arrhythmia and incorporated patient counseling relating to diversity factors such as cultural competency, linguistic challenges, and the impact of population diversity on cardiac diseases. Students learned the SBAR communication technique (situation, background, assessment, and recommendation) and recommended therapy while elaborating on drug MOA and adverse effects. ICS was assessed through pre-and post-session quizzes and perception data immediately after the activity, and after two years, when students progressed to the cardiovascular APPE block. Student performance improved on a post-test (80.2%) compared to the pre-test (66.9%), p < 0.01 paired student t-test, with an increase in symptom and arrhythmia pattern recognition (41.2% and 36.7%, respectively). ICS was effective for teaching (1) arrhythmia pathophysiology (85%), (2) EKG interpretation (89%), (3) drug adverse effects (93%), (4) DEI-clinical decision making (92%), and (5) communication skills (85%).
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9326578
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-93265782022-07-28 Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students Malhotra, Ashim Oh, Song Jin, Zhuqiu Feng, Xiaodong Pharmacy (Basel) Article Pharmacists must integrate foundational sciences with pharmacy practice for providing optimal patient care. Pharmacy students need to be trained to provide culturally competent, linguistically accessible, and empathetic care while integrating foundational science principles. However, such holistic integration is challenging to achieve and assess. To bridge this gap, we implemented and assessed an “integrated cardiovascular simulation” (ICS) module for P2 students, employing case-based and team-based learning. ICS focused on congestive heart failure with preexisting arrhythmia and incorporated patient counseling relating to diversity factors such as cultural competency, linguistic challenges, and the impact of population diversity on cardiac diseases. Students learned the SBAR communication technique (situation, background, assessment, and recommendation) and recommended therapy while elaborating on drug MOA and adverse effects. ICS was assessed through pre-and post-session quizzes and perception data immediately after the activity, and after two years, when students progressed to the cardiovascular APPE block. Student performance improved on a post-test (80.2%) compared to the pre-test (66.9%), p < 0.01 paired student t-test, with an increase in symptom and arrhythmia pattern recognition (41.2% and 36.7%, respectively). ICS was effective for teaching (1) arrhythmia pathophysiology (85%), (2) EKG interpretation (89%), (3) drug adverse effects (93%), (4) DEI-clinical decision making (92%), and (5) communication skills (85%). MDPI 2022-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9326578/ /pubmed/35893714 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10040077 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Malhotra, Ashim
Oh, Song
Jin, Zhuqiu
Feng, Xiaodong
Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students
title Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students
title_full Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students
title_fullStr Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students
title_full_unstemmed Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students
title_short Closing the Integration Gap: A Pilot for Incorporating Foundational Sciences, DEI-Decision Making, Empathy, and Communication for Congestive Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Management by Pharmacy Students
title_sort closing the integration gap: a pilot for incorporating foundational sciences, dei-decision making, empathy, and communication for congestive heart failure and arrhythmia management by pharmacy students
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9326578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35893714
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10040077
work_keys_str_mv AT malhotraashim closingtheintegrationgapapilotforincorporatingfoundationalsciencesdeidecisionmakingempathyandcommunicationforcongestiveheartfailureandarrhythmiamanagementbypharmacystudents
AT ohsong closingtheintegrationgapapilotforincorporatingfoundationalsciencesdeidecisionmakingempathyandcommunicationforcongestiveheartfailureandarrhythmiamanagementbypharmacystudents
AT jinzhuqiu closingtheintegrationgapapilotforincorporatingfoundationalsciencesdeidecisionmakingempathyandcommunicationforcongestiveheartfailureandarrhythmiamanagementbypharmacystudents
AT fengxiaodong closingtheintegrationgapapilotforincorporatingfoundationalsciencesdeidecisionmakingempathyandcommunicationforcongestiveheartfailureandarrhythmiamanagementbypharmacystudents