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Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect

Asthma and allergies are major health problems and exert an enormous socioeconomic burden. Besides genetic predisposition, environmental factors play a crucial role in the development of these diseases in childhood. Multiple worldwide epidemiological studies have shown that children growing up on fa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Frei, Remo, Heye, Kristina, Roduit, Caroline
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9327508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35754122
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.13807
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author Frei, Remo
Heye, Kristina
Roduit, Caroline
author_facet Frei, Remo
Heye, Kristina
Roduit, Caroline
author_sort Frei, Remo
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description Asthma and allergies are major health problems and exert an enormous socioeconomic burden. Besides genetic predisposition, environmental factors play a crucial role in the development of these diseases in childhood. Multiple worldwide epidemiological studies have shown that children growing up on farms are immune to allergic diseases and asthma. Farm‐related exposures shape children's immune homeostasis, via mediators such as N‐glycolylneuraminic acid or arabinogalactan, or by diverse environmental microbes. Moreover, nutritional factors, such as breastfeeding or farm milk and food diversity, inducing short‐chain fatty acids‐producing bacteria in the intestine, contribute to farm‐related effects. All farm‐related exposures induce an anti‐inflammatory response of the innate immunity and increase the differentiation of regulatory T cells and T helper cell type 1. A better understanding of the components of the farm environment, that are protective to the development of allergy and asthma, and their underlying mechanisms, will help to develop new strategies for the prevention of allergy and asthma.
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spelling pubmed-93275082022-07-30 Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect Frei, Remo Heye, Kristina Roduit, Caroline Pediatr Allergy Immunol Review Articles Asthma and allergies are major health problems and exert an enormous socioeconomic burden. Besides genetic predisposition, environmental factors play a crucial role in the development of these diseases in childhood. Multiple worldwide epidemiological studies have shown that children growing up on farms are immune to allergic diseases and asthma. Farm‐related exposures shape children's immune homeostasis, via mediators such as N‐glycolylneuraminic acid or arabinogalactan, or by diverse environmental microbes. Moreover, nutritional factors, such as breastfeeding or farm milk and food diversity, inducing short‐chain fatty acids‐producing bacteria in the intestine, contribute to farm‐related effects. All farm‐related exposures induce an anti‐inflammatory response of the innate immunity and increase the differentiation of regulatory T cells and T helper cell type 1. A better understanding of the components of the farm environment, that are protective to the development of allergy and asthma, and their underlying mechanisms, will help to develop new strategies for the prevention of allergy and asthma. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-06-03 2022-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9327508/ /pubmed/35754122 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.13807 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Frei, Remo
Heye, Kristina
Roduit, Caroline
Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect
title Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect
title_full Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect
title_fullStr Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect
title_full_unstemmed Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect
title_short Environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — The Farm effect
title_sort environmental influences on childhood allergies and asthma — the farm effect
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9327508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35754122
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.13807
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