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Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018

In contrast to dog-associated human rabies cases decline year by year due to the rabies vaccination coverage rates increase in China, ferret badger (FB, Melogale moschata)-associated human rabies cases emerged in the 1990s, and are now an increasingly recognized problem in southeast China. To invest...

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Autores principales: Miao, Faming, Zhao, Jinghui, Li, Nan, Liu, Ye, Chen, Teng, Mi, Lijuan, Yang, Jinjin, Chen, Qi, Zhang, Fei, Feng, Jie, Li, Shunfei, Zhang, Shoufeng, Hu, Rongliang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9330412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35910614
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.929202
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author Miao, Faming
Zhao, Jinghui
Li, Nan
Liu, Ye
Chen, Teng
Mi, Lijuan
Yang, Jinjin
Chen, Qi
Zhang, Fei
Feng, Jie
Li, Shunfei
Zhang, Shoufeng
Hu, Rongliang
author_facet Miao, Faming
Zhao, Jinghui
Li, Nan
Liu, Ye
Chen, Teng
Mi, Lijuan
Yang, Jinjin
Chen, Qi
Zhang, Fei
Feng, Jie
Li, Shunfei
Zhang, Shoufeng
Hu, Rongliang
author_sort Miao, Faming
collection PubMed
description In contrast to dog-associated human rabies cases decline year by year due to the rabies vaccination coverage rates increase in China, ferret badger (FB, Melogale moschata)-associated human rabies cases emerged in the 1990s, and are now an increasingly recognized problem in southeast China. To investigate epidemiology, temporal evolution dynamics, transmission characterization, and pathogenicity of FB-associated rabies viruses (RABVs), from 2008 to 2018, we collected 3,622 FB brain samples in Jiangxi and Zhejiang Province, and detected 112 RABV isolates. Four FB-related lineages were identified by phylogenetic analysis (lineages A–D), the estimated Times to Most Recent Common Ancestor were 1941, 1990, 1937, and 1997 for lineages A–D, respectively. Furthermore, although no FB-associated human rabies case has been reported there apart from Wuyuan area, FB-RABV isolates are mainly distributed in Jiangxi Province. Pathogenicity of FB-RABVs was assessed using peripheral inoculation in mice and in beagles with masseter muscles, mortality-rates ranging from 20 to 100% in mice and 0 to 20% in beagles in the groups infected with the various isolates. Screening of sera from humans with FB bites and no post-exposure prophylaxis to rabies revealed that five of nine were positive for neutralizing antibodies of RABV. All the results above indicated that FB-RABV variants caused a lesser pathogenicity in mice, beagles, and even humans. Vaccination in mice suggests that inactivated vaccine or recombinant subunit vaccine products can be used to control FB-associated rabies, however, oral vaccines for stray dogs and wildlife need to be developed and licensed in China urgently.
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spelling pubmed-93304122022-07-29 Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018 Miao, Faming Zhao, Jinghui Li, Nan Liu, Ye Chen, Teng Mi, Lijuan Yang, Jinjin Chen, Qi Zhang, Fei Feng, Jie Li, Shunfei Zhang, Shoufeng Hu, Rongliang Front Microbiol Microbiology In contrast to dog-associated human rabies cases decline year by year due to the rabies vaccination coverage rates increase in China, ferret badger (FB, Melogale moschata)-associated human rabies cases emerged in the 1990s, and are now an increasingly recognized problem in southeast China. To investigate epidemiology, temporal evolution dynamics, transmission characterization, and pathogenicity of FB-associated rabies viruses (RABVs), from 2008 to 2018, we collected 3,622 FB brain samples in Jiangxi and Zhejiang Province, and detected 112 RABV isolates. Four FB-related lineages were identified by phylogenetic analysis (lineages A–D), the estimated Times to Most Recent Common Ancestor were 1941, 1990, 1937, and 1997 for lineages A–D, respectively. Furthermore, although no FB-associated human rabies case has been reported there apart from Wuyuan area, FB-RABV isolates are mainly distributed in Jiangxi Province. Pathogenicity of FB-RABVs was assessed using peripheral inoculation in mice and in beagles with masseter muscles, mortality-rates ranging from 20 to 100% in mice and 0 to 20% in beagles in the groups infected with the various isolates. Screening of sera from humans with FB bites and no post-exposure prophylaxis to rabies revealed that five of nine were positive for neutralizing antibodies of RABV. All the results above indicated that FB-RABV variants caused a lesser pathogenicity in mice, beagles, and even humans. Vaccination in mice suggests that inactivated vaccine or recombinant subunit vaccine products can be used to control FB-associated rabies, however, oral vaccines for stray dogs and wildlife need to be developed and licensed in China urgently. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9330412/ /pubmed/35910614 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.929202 Text en Copyright © 2022 Miao, Zhao, Li, Liu, Chen, Mi, Yang, Chen, Zhang, Feng, Li, Zhang and Hu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Miao, Faming
Zhao, Jinghui
Li, Nan
Liu, Ye
Chen, Teng
Mi, Lijuan
Yang, Jinjin
Chen, Qi
Zhang, Fei
Feng, Jie
Li, Shunfei
Zhang, Shoufeng
Hu, Rongliang
Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018
title Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018
title_full Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018
title_fullStr Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018
title_full_unstemmed Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018
title_short Genetic Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Pathogenicity of Ferret Badger Rabies Virus Variants in Mainland China, 2008–2018
title_sort genetic diversity, evolutionary dynamics, and pathogenicity of ferret badger rabies virus variants in mainland china, 2008–2018
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9330412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35910614
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.929202
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