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The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients

Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic to the Southwestern United States which is associated with high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Serology is the main diagnostic tool, although less sensitive among immunocompromised hosts. (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) is a non-specific f...

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Autores principales: Al-Obaidi, Mohanad M., Ayazi, Parham, Shi, Aishan, Campanella, Matthew, Connick, Elizabeth, Zangeneh, Tirdad T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9332557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35893136
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8080768
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author Al-Obaidi, Mohanad M.
Ayazi, Parham
Shi, Aishan
Campanella, Matthew
Connick, Elizabeth
Zangeneh, Tirdad T.
author_facet Al-Obaidi, Mohanad M.
Ayazi, Parham
Shi, Aishan
Campanella, Matthew
Connick, Elizabeth
Zangeneh, Tirdad T.
author_sort Al-Obaidi, Mohanad M.
collection PubMed
description Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic to the Southwestern United States which is associated with high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Serology is the main diagnostic tool, although less sensitive among immunocompromised hosts. (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) is a non-specific fungal diagnostic test that may identify suspected coccidioidomycosis and other invasive fungal infections. We retrospectively investigated the utility of BDG between 2017 and 2021 in immunocompromised hosts with positive Coccidioides spp. cultures at our institutions. During the study period, there were 368 patients with positive cultures for Coccidioides spp.; among those, 28 patients were immunocompromised hosts, had both Coccidioides serology and BDG results available, and met other inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the patients had positive Coccidioides serology, and 57% had a positive BDG ≥ 80 pg/mL. Twenty-three (82%) had at least one positive test during their hospitalization. Among immunocompromised hosts with suspicion for coccidioidomycosis, the combination of Coccidioides serology and BDG can be useful in the initial work up and the timely administration of appropriate antifungal therapy. However, both tests failed to diagnose many cases, underscoring the need for better diagnostic techniques for identifying coccidioidomycosis in this population.
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spelling pubmed-93325572022-07-29 The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients Al-Obaidi, Mohanad M. Ayazi, Parham Shi, Aishan Campanella, Matthew Connick, Elizabeth Zangeneh, Tirdad T. J Fungi (Basel) Brief Report Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic to the Southwestern United States which is associated with high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Serology is the main diagnostic tool, although less sensitive among immunocompromised hosts. (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) is a non-specific fungal diagnostic test that may identify suspected coccidioidomycosis and other invasive fungal infections. We retrospectively investigated the utility of BDG between 2017 and 2021 in immunocompromised hosts with positive Coccidioides spp. cultures at our institutions. During the study period, there were 368 patients with positive cultures for Coccidioides spp.; among those, 28 patients were immunocompromised hosts, had both Coccidioides serology and BDG results available, and met other inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the patients had positive Coccidioides serology, and 57% had a positive BDG ≥ 80 pg/mL. Twenty-three (82%) had at least one positive test during their hospitalization. Among immunocompromised hosts with suspicion for coccidioidomycosis, the combination of Coccidioides serology and BDG can be useful in the initial work up and the timely administration of appropriate antifungal therapy. However, both tests failed to diagnose many cases, underscoring the need for better diagnostic techniques for identifying coccidioidomycosis in this population. MDPI 2022-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9332557/ /pubmed/35893136 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8080768 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Al-Obaidi, Mohanad M.
Ayazi, Parham
Shi, Aishan
Campanella, Matthew
Connick, Elizabeth
Zangeneh, Tirdad T.
The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients
title The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients
title_full The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients
title_fullStr The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients
title_full_unstemmed The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients
title_short The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients
title_sort utility of (1→3)-β-d-glucan testing in the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in hospitalized immunocompromised patients
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9332557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35893136
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8080768
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