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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile

Macrolides, lincosamides, and type B streptogramins (MLS(B)) are important therapeutic options to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections; however, resistance to these antibiotics has been emerging. In Chile, data on the MLS(B) resistance phenotypes are scarce in both com...

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Autores principales: Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario, Aguayo-Reyes, Alejandro, Carrasco, Cinthia, Mejías, Daniela, Saavedra, Pamela, Mella-Montecinos, Sergio, Opazo-Capurro, Andrés, Bello-Toledo, Helia, Munita, José M., Hormazábal, Juan C., González-Rocha, Gerardo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9332560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35892390
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081000
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author Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario
Aguayo-Reyes, Alejandro
Carrasco, Cinthia
Mejías, Daniela
Saavedra, Pamela
Mella-Montecinos, Sergio
Opazo-Capurro, Andrés
Bello-Toledo, Helia
Munita, José M.
Hormazábal, Juan C.
González-Rocha, Gerardo
author_facet Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario
Aguayo-Reyes, Alejandro
Carrasco, Cinthia
Mejías, Daniela
Saavedra, Pamela
Mella-Montecinos, Sergio
Opazo-Capurro, Andrés
Bello-Toledo, Helia
Munita, José M.
Hormazábal, Juan C.
González-Rocha, Gerardo
author_sort Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario
collection PubMed
description Macrolides, lincosamides, and type B streptogramins (MLS(B)) are important therapeutic options to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections; however, resistance to these antibiotics has been emerging. In Chile, data on the MLS(B) resistance phenotypes are scarce in both community-(CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) MRSA isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility to MLS(B) was determined for sixty-eight non-repetitive isolates of each HA-(32) and CA-MRSA (36). Detection of SCCmec elements, ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA genes was performed by PCR. The predominant clones were SCCmec I-ST5 (HA-MRSA) and type IVc-ST8 (CA-MRSA). Most of the HA-MRSA isolates (97%) showed resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin. Among CA-MRSA isolates, 28% were resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin, and 25% to clarithromycin. All isolates were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin, daptomycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and over 97% to rifampicin. The ermA gene was amplified in 88% of HA-MRSA and 17% of CA-MRSA isolates (p < 0.001). The ermC gene was detected in 6% of HA-SARM and none of CA-SARM isolates, whereas the msrA gene was only amplified in 22% of CA-MRSA (p < 0.005). Our results demonstrate the prevalence of the cMLSB resistance phenotype in all HA-MRSA isolates in Chile, with the ermA being the predominant gene identified among these isolates.
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spelling pubmed-93325602022-07-29 Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario Aguayo-Reyes, Alejandro Carrasco, Cinthia Mejías, Daniela Saavedra, Pamela Mella-Montecinos, Sergio Opazo-Capurro, Andrés Bello-Toledo, Helia Munita, José M. Hormazábal, Juan C. González-Rocha, Gerardo Antibiotics (Basel) Article Macrolides, lincosamides, and type B streptogramins (MLS(B)) are important therapeutic options to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections; however, resistance to these antibiotics has been emerging. In Chile, data on the MLS(B) resistance phenotypes are scarce in both community-(CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) MRSA isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility to MLS(B) was determined for sixty-eight non-repetitive isolates of each HA-(32) and CA-MRSA (36). Detection of SCCmec elements, ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA genes was performed by PCR. The predominant clones were SCCmec I-ST5 (HA-MRSA) and type IVc-ST8 (CA-MRSA). Most of the HA-MRSA isolates (97%) showed resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin. Among CA-MRSA isolates, 28% were resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin, and 25% to clarithromycin. All isolates were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin, daptomycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and over 97% to rifampicin. The ermA gene was amplified in 88% of HA-MRSA and 17% of CA-MRSA isolates (p < 0.001). The ermC gene was detected in 6% of HA-SARM and none of CA-SARM isolates, whereas the msrA gene was only amplified in 22% of CA-MRSA (p < 0.005). Our results demonstrate the prevalence of the cMLSB resistance phenotype in all HA-MRSA isolates in Chile, with the ermA being the predominant gene identified among these isolates. MDPI 2022-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9332560/ /pubmed/35892390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081000 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario
Aguayo-Reyes, Alejandro
Carrasco, Cinthia
Mejías, Daniela
Saavedra, Pamela
Mella-Montecinos, Sergio
Opazo-Capurro, Andrés
Bello-Toledo, Helia
Munita, José M.
Hormazábal, Juan C.
González-Rocha, Gerardo
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
title Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
title_full Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
title_fullStr Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
title_full_unstemmed Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
title_short Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
title_sort phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin b resistance among clinical methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates in chile
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9332560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35892390
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081000
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