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Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Aging is a progressive decline of an organism over time. In contrast, senescence occurs throughout an organism’s lifespan. It is a cell-cycle arrest preventing the proliferation of damaged cells. Cellular and molecular senescence timing is crucial for the pace of aging and disease de...

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Autores principales: Kloc, Malgorzata, Uosef, Ahmed, Subuddhi, Arijita, Kubiak, Jacek Z., Piprek, Rafal P., Ghobrial, Rafik M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9332840/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35892977
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11081121
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author Kloc, Malgorzata
Uosef, Ahmed
Subuddhi, Arijita
Kubiak, Jacek Z.
Piprek, Rafal P.
Ghobrial, Rafik M.
author_facet Kloc, Malgorzata
Uosef, Ahmed
Subuddhi, Arijita
Kubiak, Jacek Z.
Piprek, Rafal P.
Ghobrial, Rafik M.
author_sort Kloc, Malgorzata
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Aging is a progressive decline of an organism over time. In contrast, senescence occurs throughout an organism’s lifespan. It is a cell-cycle arrest preventing the proliferation of damaged cells. Cellular and molecular senescence timing is crucial for the pace of aging and disease development and progression. The accumulation of senescent cells during a lifespan leads to organismal senescence. Senescent multinucleated giant cells are present in many age-related diseases and cancer. Although senescence was assumed to be irreversible, studies now show that senescent multinucleated giant cells overcome senescence in various cancers, becoming the source of highly aggressive mononucleated stem-like cells, which divide and initiate tumor development and progression. ABSTRACT: This review introduces the subject of senescence, aging, and the formation of senescent multinucleated giant cells. We define senescence and aging and describe how molecular and cellular senescence leads to organismal senescence. We review the latest information on senescent cells’ cellular and molecular phenotypes. We describe molecular and cellular features of aging and senescence and the role of multinucleated giant cells in aging-related conditions and cancer. We explain how multinucleated giant cells form and their role in aging arteries and gonads. We also describe how multinucleated giant cells and the reversibility of senescence initiate cancer and lead to cancer progression and metastasis. We also describe molecules and pathways regulating aging and senescence in model systems and their applicability to clinical therapies in age-related diseases.
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spelling pubmed-93328402022-07-29 Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement Kloc, Malgorzata Uosef, Ahmed Subuddhi, Arijita Kubiak, Jacek Z. Piprek, Rafal P. Ghobrial, Rafik M. Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Aging is a progressive decline of an organism over time. In contrast, senescence occurs throughout an organism’s lifespan. It is a cell-cycle arrest preventing the proliferation of damaged cells. Cellular and molecular senescence timing is crucial for the pace of aging and disease development and progression. The accumulation of senescent cells during a lifespan leads to organismal senescence. Senescent multinucleated giant cells are present in many age-related diseases and cancer. Although senescence was assumed to be irreversible, studies now show that senescent multinucleated giant cells overcome senescence in various cancers, becoming the source of highly aggressive mononucleated stem-like cells, which divide and initiate tumor development and progression. ABSTRACT: This review introduces the subject of senescence, aging, and the formation of senescent multinucleated giant cells. We define senescence and aging and describe how molecular and cellular senescence leads to organismal senescence. We review the latest information on senescent cells’ cellular and molecular phenotypes. We describe molecular and cellular features of aging and senescence and the role of multinucleated giant cells in aging-related conditions and cancer. We explain how multinucleated giant cells form and their role in aging arteries and gonads. We also describe how multinucleated giant cells and the reversibility of senescence initiate cancer and lead to cancer progression and metastasis. We also describe molecules and pathways regulating aging and senescence in model systems and their applicability to clinical therapies in age-related diseases. MDPI 2022-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9332840/ /pubmed/35892977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11081121 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kloc, Malgorzata
Uosef, Ahmed
Subuddhi, Arijita
Kubiak, Jacek Z.
Piprek, Rafal P.
Ghobrial, Rafik M.
Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement
title Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement
title_full Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement
title_fullStr Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement
title_full_unstemmed Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement
title_short Giant Multinucleated Cells in Aging and Senescence—An Abridgement
title_sort giant multinucleated cells in aging and senescence—an abridgement
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9332840/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35892977
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11081121
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