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High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey

Despite extensive global efforts, sub-Saharan Africa remains disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. This generalized epidemic can be seen in Lesotho which in 2014 the HIV prevalence rate of those aged 15–49 years was 24.6%, with and incidence of 1.9 new infections per 100-person-year expos...

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Autores principales: Schwitters, Amee, McCracken, Stephen, Frederix, Koen, Tierney, Reese, Koto, Masebeo, Ahmed, Nahima, Thin, Kyaw, Dobbs, Trudy, Sithole, Sakhile, Letsie, Mosilinyane, Parekh, Bharat, Patel, Hetal, Birhanu, Sehin, Wiesner, Lubbe, Low, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9333200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35901094
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271431
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author Schwitters, Amee
McCracken, Stephen
Frederix, Koen
Tierney, Reese
Koto, Masebeo
Ahmed, Nahima
Thin, Kyaw
Dobbs, Trudy
Sithole, Sakhile
Letsie, Mosilinyane
Parekh, Bharat
Patel, Hetal
Birhanu, Sehin
Wiesner, Lubbe
Low, Andrea
author_facet Schwitters, Amee
McCracken, Stephen
Frederix, Koen
Tierney, Reese
Koto, Masebeo
Ahmed, Nahima
Thin, Kyaw
Dobbs, Trudy
Sithole, Sakhile
Letsie, Mosilinyane
Parekh, Bharat
Patel, Hetal
Birhanu, Sehin
Wiesner, Lubbe
Low, Andrea
author_sort Schwitters, Amee
collection PubMed
description Despite extensive global efforts, sub-Saharan Africa remains disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. This generalized epidemic can be seen in Lesotho which in 2014 the HIV prevalence rate of those aged 15–49 years was 24.6%, with and incidence of 1.9 new infections per 100-person-year exposures. To better understand the impact of Lesotho’s national HIV response and significant predictors associated with HIV infection, the Lesotho Population-based HIV Impact Assessment was conducted. This survey provided a nationally representative sample of individuals aged 15–59 years old in which participants were tested for HIV and given an individual questionnaire that included socio-demographic and behavioral risk questions. The association of factors between survey questions and HIV incident was assessed using logistic regression. Multivariate logistic regression models for men and women were constructed for each outcome using variables known to be or plausibly associated with recent or chronic infection. Overall annualized incidence among people aged 15–49 was 1.19% (95% CI 0.73–1.65) per year. The overall prevalence of HIV was 25.6% with women having significantly higher prevalence. Multiple variables, including decreased wealth status, lower education levels, marital status, condom use at first sex, and circumcision (men only) were identified as being significantly associated with HIV infection for both men and women. In combination with improving the awareness of HIV status, an increased focus is needed on AGYW and men 35–49 years old to prevent new infections. HIV education and prevention programs should focus heavily on younger age groups prior to and soon after sexual debut to prevent HIV transmission. The findings of the survey showed significant room for improvement in increasing awareness of HIV status and reinforcing the need for continued HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Lesotho to prevent new infections.
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spelling pubmed-93332002022-07-29 High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey Schwitters, Amee McCracken, Stephen Frederix, Koen Tierney, Reese Koto, Masebeo Ahmed, Nahima Thin, Kyaw Dobbs, Trudy Sithole, Sakhile Letsie, Mosilinyane Parekh, Bharat Patel, Hetal Birhanu, Sehin Wiesner, Lubbe Low, Andrea PLoS One Research Article Despite extensive global efforts, sub-Saharan Africa remains disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. This generalized epidemic can be seen in Lesotho which in 2014 the HIV prevalence rate of those aged 15–49 years was 24.6%, with and incidence of 1.9 new infections per 100-person-year exposures. To better understand the impact of Lesotho’s national HIV response and significant predictors associated with HIV infection, the Lesotho Population-based HIV Impact Assessment was conducted. This survey provided a nationally representative sample of individuals aged 15–59 years old in which participants were tested for HIV and given an individual questionnaire that included socio-demographic and behavioral risk questions. The association of factors between survey questions and HIV incident was assessed using logistic regression. Multivariate logistic regression models for men and women were constructed for each outcome using variables known to be or plausibly associated with recent or chronic infection. Overall annualized incidence among people aged 15–49 was 1.19% (95% CI 0.73–1.65) per year. The overall prevalence of HIV was 25.6% with women having significantly higher prevalence. Multiple variables, including decreased wealth status, lower education levels, marital status, condom use at first sex, and circumcision (men only) were identified as being significantly associated with HIV infection for both men and women. In combination with improving the awareness of HIV status, an increased focus is needed on AGYW and men 35–49 years old to prevent new infections. HIV education and prevention programs should focus heavily on younger age groups prior to and soon after sexual debut to prevent HIV transmission. The findings of the survey showed significant room for improvement in increasing awareness of HIV status and reinforcing the need for continued HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Lesotho to prevent new infections. Public Library of Science 2022-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9333200/ /pubmed/35901094 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271431 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Schwitters, Amee
McCracken, Stephen
Frederix, Koen
Tierney, Reese
Koto, Masebeo
Ahmed, Nahima
Thin, Kyaw
Dobbs, Trudy
Sithole, Sakhile
Letsie, Mosilinyane
Parekh, Bharat
Patel, Hetal
Birhanu, Sehin
Wiesner, Lubbe
Low, Andrea
High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey
title High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey
title_full High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey
title_fullStr High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey
title_full_unstemmed High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey
title_short High HIV prevalence and associated factors in Lesotho: Results from a population-based survey
title_sort high hiv prevalence and associated factors in lesotho: results from a population-based survey
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9333200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35901094
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271431
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