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Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection
Speciation is the process by which barriers to gene flow evolve between populations. Although we now know that speciation is largely driven by natural selection, knowledge of the agents of selection and the genetic and genomic mechanisms that facilitate divergence is required for a satisfactory theo...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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National Academy of Sciences
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9335311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35858397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2122153119 |
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author | Schluter, Dolph Rieseberg, Loren H. |
author_facet | Schluter, Dolph Rieseberg, Loren H. |
author_sort | Schluter, Dolph |
collection | PubMed |
description | Speciation is the process by which barriers to gene flow evolve between populations. Although we now know that speciation is largely driven by natural selection, knowledge of the agents of selection and the genetic and genomic mechanisms that facilitate divergence is required for a satisfactory theory of speciation. In this essay, we highlight three advances/problems in our understanding of speciation that have arisen from studies of the genes and genomic regions that underlie the evolution of reproductive isolation. First, we describe how the identification of “speciation” genes makes it possible to identify the agents of selection causing the evolution of reproductive isolation, while also noting that the link between the genetics of phenotypic divergence and intrinsic postzygotic reproductive barriers remains tenuous. Second, we discuss the important role of recombination suppressors in facilitating speciation with gene flow, but point out that the means and timing by which reproductive barriers become associated with recombination cold spots remains uncertain. Third, we establish the importance of ancient genetic variation in speciation, although we argue that the focus of speciation studies on evolutionarily young groups may bias conclusions in favor of ancient variation relative to new mutations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9335311 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93353112022-07-30 Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection Schluter, Dolph Rieseberg, Loren H. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Perspective Speciation is the process by which barriers to gene flow evolve between populations. Although we now know that speciation is largely driven by natural selection, knowledge of the agents of selection and the genetic and genomic mechanisms that facilitate divergence is required for a satisfactory theory of speciation. In this essay, we highlight three advances/problems in our understanding of speciation that have arisen from studies of the genes and genomic regions that underlie the evolution of reproductive isolation. First, we describe how the identification of “speciation” genes makes it possible to identify the agents of selection causing the evolution of reproductive isolation, while also noting that the link between the genetics of phenotypic divergence and intrinsic postzygotic reproductive barriers remains tenuous. Second, we discuss the important role of recombination suppressors in facilitating speciation with gene flow, but point out that the means and timing by which reproductive barriers become associated with recombination cold spots remains uncertain. Third, we establish the importance of ancient genetic variation in speciation, although we argue that the focus of speciation studies on evolutionarily young groups may bias conclusions in favor of ancient variation relative to new mutations. National Academy of Sciences 2022-07-18 2022-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9335311/ /pubmed/35858397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2122153119 Text en Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Perspective Schluter, Dolph Rieseberg, Loren H. Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
title | Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
title_full | Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
title_fullStr | Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
title_full_unstemmed | Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
title_short | Three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
title_sort | three problems in the genetics of speciation by selection |
topic | Perspective |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9335311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35858397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2122153119 |
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