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Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding

To assess morbidity and mortality of parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections in immunocompromised patients, we analysed PIV infections in a hematology and stem cell transplantation (SCT) unit over the course of three years. Isolated PIV strains were characterized by sequence analysis and nosocomial tra...

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Autores principales: Tabatabai, Julia, Schnitzler, Paul, Prifert, Christiane, Schiller, Martin, Weissbrich, Benedikt, von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie, Teschner, Daniel, Jordan, Karin, Müller-Tidow, Carsten, Egerer, Gerlinde, Giesen, Nicola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9337657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35905071
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271756
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author Tabatabai, Julia
Schnitzler, Paul
Prifert, Christiane
Schiller, Martin
Weissbrich, Benedikt
von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie
Teschner, Daniel
Jordan, Karin
Müller-Tidow, Carsten
Egerer, Gerlinde
Giesen, Nicola
author_facet Tabatabai, Julia
Schnitzler, Paul
Prifert, Christiane
Schiller, Martin
Weissbrich, Benedikt
von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie
Teschner, Daniel
Jordan, Karin
Müller-Tidow, Carsten
Egerer, Gerlinde
Giesen, Nicola
author_sort Tabatabai, Julia
collection PubMed
description To assess morbidity and mortality of parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections in immunocompromised patients, we analysed PIV infections in a hematology and stem cell transplantation (SCT) unit over the course of three years. Isolated PIV strains were characterized by sequence analysis and nosocomial transmission was assessed including phylogenetic analysis of viral strains. 109 cases of PIV infection were identified, 75 in the setting of SCT. PIV type 3 (n = 68) was the most frequent subtype. PIV lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) was observed in 47 patients (43%) with a mortality of 19%. Severe leukopenia, prior steroid therapy and presence of co-infections were significant risk factors for development of PIV-LRTI in multivariate analysis. Prolonged viral shedding was frequently observed with a median duration of 14 days and up to 79 days, especially in patients after allogeneic SCT and with LRTI. Nosocomial transmission occurred in 47 patients. Phylogenetic analysis of isolated PIV strains and combination with clinical data enabled the identification of seven separate clusters of nosocomial transmission. In conclusion, we observed significant morbidity and mortality of PIV infection in hematology and transplant patients. The clinical impact of co-infections, the possibility of long-term viral shedding and frequent nosocomial transmission should be taken into account when designing infection control strategies.
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spelling pubmed-93376572022-07-30 Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding Tabatabai, Julia Schnitzler, Paul Prifert, Christiane Schiller, Martin Weissbrich, Benedikt von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie Teschner, Daniel Jordan, Karin Müller-Tidow, Carsten Egerer, Gerlinde Giesen, Nicola PLoS One Research Article To assess morbidity and mortality of parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections in immunocompromised patients, we analysed PIV infections in a hematology and stem cell transplantation (SCT) unit over the course of three years. Isolated PIV strains were characterized by sequence analysis and nosocomial transmission was assessed including phylogenetic analysis of viral strains. 109 cases of PIV infection were identified, 75 in the setting of SCT. PIV type 3 (n = 68) was the most frequent subtype. PIV lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) was observed in 47 patients (43%) with a mortality of 19%. Severe leukopenia, prior steroid therapy and presence of co-infections were significant risk factors for development of PIV-LRTI in multivariate analysis. Prolonged viral shedding was frequently observed with a median duration of 14 days and up to 79 days, especially in patients after allogeneic SCT and with LRTI. Nosocomial transmission occurred in 47 patients. Phylogenetic analysis of isolated PIV strains and combination with clinical data enabled the identification of seven separate clusters of nosocomial transmission. In conclusion, we observed significant morbidity and mortality of PIV infection in hematology and transplant patients. The clinical impact of co-infections, the possibility of long-term viral shedding and frequent nosocomial transmission should be taken into account when designing infection control strategies. Public Library of Science 2022-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9337657/ /pubmed/35905071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271756 Text en © 2022 Tabatabai et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Tabatabai, Julia
Schnitzler, Paul
Prifert, Christiane
Schiller, Martin
Weissbrich, Benedikt
von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie
Teschner, Daniel
Jordan, Karin
Müller-Tidow, Carsten
Egerer, Gerlinde
Giesen, Nicola
Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
title Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
title_full Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
title_fullStr Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
title_full_unstemmed Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
title_short Parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: Analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
title_sort parainfluenza virus infections in patients with hematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation: analysis of clinical characteristics, nosocomial transmission and viral shedding
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9337657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35905071
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271756
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