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Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to (a) describe gender inequalities in physical activity (PA) among adolescents from Global South countries, and (b) investigate the relationship between gender inequalities in PA and contextual factors, such as geographic region, human development index, gender...

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Autores principales: Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso, Wendt, Andrea, Costa, Caroline dos Santos, Mielke, Gregore Iven, Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Khan, Asaduzzaman, Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L, Crochemore-Silva, Inácio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Shanghai University of Sport 2022
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9338337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35074485
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.007
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author Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso
Wendt, Andrea
Costa, Caroline dos Santos
Mielke, Gregore Iven
Brazo-Sayavera, Javier
Khan, Asaduzzaman
Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L
Crochemore-Silva, Inácio
author_facet Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso
Wendt, Andrea
Costa, Caroline dos Santos
Mielke, Gregore Iven
Brazo-Sayavera, Javier
Khan, Asaduzzaman
Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L
Crochemore-Silva, Inácio
author_sort Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to (a) describe gender inequalities in physical activity (PA) among adolescents from Global South countries, and (b) investigate the relationship between gender inequalities in PA and contextual factors, such as geographic region, human development index, gender inequality index, and unemployment rates. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey conducted in Global South countries between 2010 and 2020 among 13- to 17-year-old adolescents. Country-context variables were retrieved from secondary data sources (World Health Organization, World Bank, and Human Development Reports). PA was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire querying the number of days in the past week in which participants were physically active for a total of at least 60 min. PA absolute gender inequalities were evaluated by the differences in the prevalence between boys and girls, 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated using the bootstrap method. Relative inequalities were obtained through Poisson regression. Meta-analyses with random effects were used to calculate pooled estimates of absolute and relative inequalities. RESULTS: Based on 64 Global South countries/surveys, the prevalence of PA was 6.7 percentage points (p.p.) higher in boys than in girls, ranging from 0.5 p.p. in Afghanistan to 15.6 p.p. in Laos (I(2)= 85.1%). The pooled ratio for all countries showed that boys presented a PA prevalence 1.58 times higher than girls (95%CI: 1.47–1.70) on average. The highest absolute and relative inequalities were observed in high income countries. Countries with higher Human Development Index rankings and lower Gender Inequality Index rankings also presented greater gender differences. CONCLUSION: Given that girls are overall less active than boys across the globe, the findings of this study reinforce that macro- and micro-level changes should be actively sought if we aim to increase population levels of PA in adolescents and promote equity in PA.
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spelling pubmed-93383372022-08-01 Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso Wendt, Andrea Costa, Caroline dos Santos Mielke, Gregore Iven Brazo-Sayavera, Javier Khan, Asaduzzaman Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L Crochemore-Silva, Inácio J Sport Health Sci Original Article PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to (a) describe gender inequalities in physical activity (PA) among adolescents from Global South countries, and (b) investigate the relationship between gender inequalities in PA and contextual factors, such as geographic region, human development index, gender inequality index, and unemployment rates. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey conducted in Global South countries between 2010 and 2020 among 13- to 17-year-old adolescents. Country-context variables were retrieved from secondary data sources (World Health Organization, World Bank, and Human Development Reports). PA was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire querying the number of days in the past week in which participants were physically active for a total of at least 60 min. PA absolute gender inequalities were evaluated by the differences in the prevalence between boys and girls, 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated using the bootstrap method. Relative inequalities were obtained through Poisson regression. Meta-analyses with random effects were used to calculate pooled estimates of absolute and relative inequalities. RESULTS: Based on 64 Global South countries/surveys, the prevalence of PA was 6.7 percentage points (p.p.) higher in boys than in girls, ranging from 0.5 p.p. in Afghanistan to 15.6 p.p. in Laos (I(2)= 85.1%). The pooled ratio for all countries showed that boys presented a PA prevalence 1.58 times higher than girls (95%CI: 1.47–1.70) on average. The highest absolute and relative inequalities were observed in high income countries. Countries with higher Human Development Index rankings and lower Gender Inequality Index rankings also presented greater gender differences. CONCLUSION: Given that girls are overall less active than boys across the globe, the findings of this study reinforce that macro- and micro-level changes should be actively sought if we aim to increase population levels of PA in adolescents and promote equity in PA. Shanghai University of Sport 2022-07 2022-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9338337/ /pubmed/35074485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.007 Text en © 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Article
Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso
Wendt, Andrea
Costa, Caroline dos Santos
Mielke, Gregore Iven
Brazo-Sayavera, Javier
Khan, Asaduzzaman
Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L
Crochemore-Silva, Inácio
Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries
title Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries
title_full Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries
title_fullStr Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries
title_full_unstemmed Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries
title_short Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries
title_sort gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 global south countries
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9338337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35074485
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.007
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