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BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity

BACKGROUND: In developed countries, the most common gynecologic malignancy is endometrial carcinoma (EC), making the identification of EC biomarkers extremely essential. As a natural enzyme, butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) is found in hepatocytes and plasma. There is a strong correlation between BCHE g...

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Autores principales: Liu, Junxiu, Tian, Tian, Liu, Xiangyu, Cui, Zhumei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9338740/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35915658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6051092
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author Liu, Junxiu
Tian, Tian
Liu, Xiangyu
Cui, Zhumei
author_facet Liu, Junxiu
Tian, Tian
Liu, Xiangyu
Cui, Zhumei
author_sort Liu, Junxiu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In developed countries, the most common gynecologic malignancy is endometrial carcinoma (EC), making the identification of EC biomarkers extremely essential. As a natural enzyme, butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) is found in hepatocytes and plasma. There is a strong correlation between BCHE gene mutations and cancers and other diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of BCHE in patients with EC. METHODS: A variety of analyses were conducted on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, including differential expression analysis, enrichment analysis, immunity, clinicopathology, and survival analysis. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to validate outcomes. Using R tools, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses revealed the potential mechanisms of BCHE in EC. Sangerbox tools were used to delve into the relations between BCHE expression and tumor microenvironment, including microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor neoantigen count (TNC), and tumor mutation burden (TMB). BCHE's genetic alteration analysis was conducted by cBioPortal. In addition, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) was used to validate the outcomes by immunohistochemistry, and an analysis of the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was performed with the help of the STRING database. RESULTS: Based on our results, BCHE was a significant independent prognostic factor for patients with EC. The prognosis with EC was affected by age, stage, grade, histological type, and BCHE. GSEA showed that BCHE was closely related to pathways regulating immune response, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathways and cancer immunotherapy through PD1 blockade pathways. The immune analysis revealed that CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were negatively correlated with BCHE expression and the immune checkpoint molecules CD28, ADORA2A, BTNL2, and TNFRSF18 were all significantly related to BCHE. BCHE expression was also associated with TMB by genetic alteration analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying BCHE as a biomarker for EC might help predict its prognosis and could have important implications for immunotherapy.
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spelling pubmed-93387402022-07-31 BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity Liu, Junxiu Tian, Tian Liu, Xiangyu Cui, Zhumei J Immunol Res Research Article BACKGROUND: In developed countries, the most common gynecologic malignancy is endometrial carcinoma (EC), making the identification of EC biomarkers extremely essential. As a natural enzyme, butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) is found in hepatocytes and plasma. There is a strong correlation between BCHE gene mutations and cancers and other diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of BCHE in patients with EC. METHODS: A variety of analyses were conducted on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, including differential expression analysis, enrichment analysis, immunity, clinicopathology, and survival analysis. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to validate outcomes. Using R tools, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses revealed the potential mechanisms of BCHE in EC. Sangerbox tools were used to delve into the relations between BCHE expression and tumor microenvironment, including microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor neoantigen count (TNC), and tumor mutation burden (TMB). BCHE's genetic alteration analysis was conducted by cBioPortal. In addition, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) was used to validate the outcomes by immunohistochemistry, and an analysis of the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was performed with the help of the STRING database. RESULTS: Based on our results, BCHE was a significant independent prognostic factor for patients with EC. The prognosis with EC was affected by age, stage, grade, histological type, and BCHE. GSEA showed that BCHE was closely related to pathways regulating immune response, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathways and cancer immunotherapy through PD1 blockade pathways. The immune analysis revealed that CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were negatively correlated with BCHE expression and the immune checkpoint molecules CD28, ADORA2A, BTNL2, and TNFRSF18 were all significantly related to BCHE. BCHE expression was also associated with TMB by genetic alteration analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying BCHE as a biomarker for EC might help predict its prognosis and could have important implications for immunotherapy. Hindawi 2022-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9338740/ /pubmed/35915658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6051092 Text en Copyright © 2022 Junxiu Liu et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Liu, Junxiu
Tian, Tian
Liu, Xiangyu
Cui, Zhumei
BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity
title BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity
title_full BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity
title_fullStr BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity
title_full_unstemmed BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity
title_short BCHE as a Prognostic Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer and Its Correlation with Immunity
title_sort bche as a prognostic biomarker in endometrial cancer and its correlation with immunity
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9338740/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35915658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6051092
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