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Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?

Screening strategies have demonstrated their potential for decreasing the incidence and mortality of cancers, particularly that of colorectal cancer (CRC). Another strategy that has been developed to reduce CRC occurrence is the use of chemoprevention agents. Among them, aspirin is the most promisin...

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Autores principales: Grancher, Adrien, Michel, Pierre, Di Fiore, Frederic, Sefrioui, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341367/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35905195
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384047.2022.2104561
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author Grancher, Adrien
Michel, Pierre
Di Fiore, Frederic
Sefrioui, David
author_facet Grancher, Adrien
Michel, Pierre
Di Fiore, Frederic
Sefrioui, David
author_sort Grancher, Adrien
collection PubMed
description Screening strategies have demonstrated their potential for decreasing the incidence and mortality of cancers, particularly that of colorectal cancer (CRC). Another strategy that has been developed to reduce CRC occurrence is the use of chemoprevention agents. Among them, aspirin is the most promising. Aspirin acts in colorectal tumourigenesis through several mechanisms, either directly in tumor cells or in their microenvironment, such as through its anti-inflammatory activity or its effect on the modulation of platelet function. Many retrospective studies, as well as follow-up of large cohorts from trials with primary cardiovascular end points, have shown that long-term treatment with daily low-dose aspirin decreases the incidence of adenomas and colorectal cancers. Therefore, aspirin is currently recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) for primary prevention of CRC in all patients aged 50 to 59 with a 10-y risk of cardiovascular events greater than 10%. Furthermore, several studies have also reported that long-term aspirin treatment taking after CRC resection decreases recurrence risk and increases overall survival, especially in patients with PIK3CA-mutated tumors. This review summarizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms of aspirin chemoprevention, discusses the primary clinical results on CRC prevention and highlights the potential biomarkers identified to predict aspirin efficacy.
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spelling pubmed-93413672022-08-02 Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game? Grancher, Adrien Michel, Pierre Di Fiore, Frederic Sefrioui, David Cancer Biol Ther Review Screening strategies have demonstrated their potential for decreasing the incidence and mortality of cancers, particularly that of colorectal cancer (CRC). Another strategy that has been developed to reduce CRC occurrence is the use of chemoprevention agents. Among them, aspirin is the most promising. Aspirin acts in colorectal tumourigenesis through several mechanisms, either directly in tumor cells or in their microenvironment, such as through its anti-inflammatory activity or its effect on the modulation of platelet function. Many retrospective studies, as well as follow-up of large cohorts from trials with primary cardiovascular end points, have shown that long-term treatment with daily low-dose aspirin decreases the incidence of adenomas and colorectal cancers. Therefore, aspirin is currently recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) for primary prevention of CRC in all patients aged 50 to 59 with a 10-y risk of cardiovascular events greater than 10%. Furthermore, several studies have also reported that long-term aspirin treatment taking after CRC resection decreases recurrence risk and increases overall survival, especially in patients with PIK3CA-mutated tumors. This review summarizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms of aspirin chemoprevention, discusses the primary clinical results on CRC prevention and highlights the potential biomarkers identified to predict aspirin efficacy. Taylor & Francis 2022-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9341367/ /pubmed/35905195 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384047.2022.2104561 Text en © 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Grancher, Adrien
Michel, Pierre
Di Fiore, Frederic
Sefrioui, David
Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
title Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
title_full Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
title_fullStr Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
title_full_unstemmed Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
title_short Colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
title_sort colorectal cancer chemoprevention: is aspirin still in the game?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341367/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35905195
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384047.2022.2104561
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