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Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees
Paenibacillus larvae is the etiological agent of American Foulbrood (AFB), a highly contagious and worldwide spread bacterial disease that affects honeybee brood. In this study, all complete P. larvae genomes available on the NCBI database were analyzed in order to detect presence of prophages using...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35923395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903861 |
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author | Ribeiro, Henrique G. Nilsson, Anna Melo, Luís D. R. Oliveira, Ana |
author_facet | Ribeiro, Henrique G. Nilsson, Anna Melo, Luís D. R. Oliveira, Ana |
author_sort | Ribeiro, Henrique G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Paenibacillus larvae is the etiological agent of American Foulbrood (AFB), a highly contagious and worldwide spread bacterial disease that affects honeybee brood. In this study, all complete P. larvae genomes available on the NCBI database were analyzed in order to detect presence of prophages using the PHASTER software. A total of 55 intact prophages were identified in 11 P. larvae genomes (5.0 ± 2.3 per genome) and were further investigated for the presence of genes encoding relevant traits related to P. larvae. A closer look at the prophage genomes revealed the presence of several putative genes such as metabolic and antimicrobial resistance genes, toxins or bacteriocins, potentially influencing host performance. Some of the coding DNA sequences (CDS) were present in all ERIC-genotypes, while others were only found in a specific genotype. While CDS encoding toxins and antitoxins such as HicB and MazE were found in prophages of all bacterial genotypes, others, from the same category, were provided by prophages particularly to ERIC I (enhancin-like toxin), ERIC II (antitoxin SocA) and ERIC V strains (subunit of Panton-Valentine leukocidin system (PVL) LukF-PV). This is the first in-depth analysis of P. larvae prophages. It provides better knowledge on their impact in the evolution of virulence and fitness of P. larvae, by discovering new features assigned by the viruses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9341999 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93419992022-08-02 Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees Ribeiro, Henrique G. Nilsson, Anna Melo, Luís D. R. Oliveira, Ana Front Microbiol Microbiology Paenibacillus larvae is the etiological agent of American Foulbrood (AFB), a highly contagious and worldwide spread bacterial disease that affects honeybee brood. In this study, all complete P. larvae genomes available on the NCBI database were analyzed in order to detect presence of prophages using the PHASTER software. A total of 55 intact prophages were identified in 11 P. larvae genomes (5.0 ± 2.3 per genome) and were further investigated for the presence of genes encoding relevant traits related to P. larvae. A closer look at the prophage genomes revealed the presence of several putative genes such as metabolic and antimicrobial resistance genes, toxins or bacteriocins, potentially influencing host performance. Some of the coding DNA sequences (CDS) were present in all ERIC-genotypes, while others were only found in a specific genotype. While CDS encoding toxins and antitoxins such as HicB and MazE were found in prophages of all bacterial genotypes, others, from the same category, were provided by prophages particularly to ERIC I (enhancin-like toxin), ERIC II (antitoxin SocA) and ERIC V strains (subunit of Panton-Valentine leukocidin system (PVL) LukF-PV). This is the first in-depth analysis of P. larvae prophages. It provides better knowledge on their impact in the evolution of virulence and fitness of P. larvae, by discovering new features assigned by the viruses. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9341999/ /pubmed/35923395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903861 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ribeiro, Nilsson, Melo and Oliveira. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Ribeiro, Henrique G. Nilsson, Anna Melo, Luís D. R. Oliveira, Ana Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees |
title | Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees |
title_full | Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees |
title_fullStr | Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees |
title_short | Analysis of intact prophages in genomes of Paenibacillus larvae: An important pathogen for bees |
title_sort | analysis of intact prophages in genomes of paenibacillus larvae: an important pathogen for bees |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35923395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903861 |
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