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Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon

Increased blood pressure (BP) has been associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated risk factors associated with Relative Systemic Hypertension (RSH) or systemic hypertension in SCD patients in Cameroon. Using R, Multivariate multinomial logistic...

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Autores principales: Nguweneza, Arthemon, Ngo Bitoungui, Valentina Josiane, Mnika, Khuthala, Mazandu, Gaston, Nembaware, Victoria, Kengne, Andre P., Wonkam, Ambroise
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35928290
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.924722
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author Nguweneza, Arthemon
Ngo Bitoungui, Valentina Josiane
Mnika, Khuthala
Mazandu, Gaston
Nembaware, Victoria
Kengne, Andre P.
Wonkam, Ambroise
author_facet Nguweneza, Arthemon
Ngo Bitoungui, Valentina Josiane
Mnika, Khuthala
Mazandu, Gaston
Nembaware, Victoria
Kengne, Andre P.
Wonkam, Ambroise
author_sort Nguweneza, Arthemon
collection PubMed
description Increased blood pressure (BP) has been associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated risk factors associated with Relative Systemic Hypertension (RSH) or systemic hypertension in SCD patients in Cameroon. Using R, Multivariate multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to examine the effects of the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory factors to determine risk factors. A total of 815 individuals with SCD, including 380 (46.6%) males were analyzed. At baseline, the median age [interquartile range] was 18.0 [12.0–25.0] years, ranging from 3 to 66 years. Approximately three-quarters of the patients (n = 645; 79.1%) had normal BP, 151 (18.5%) had RSH and 19 (2.3%) had hypertension. Age (P < 0.001) and gender (P = 0.022) were significantly different across the BP categories. Weight (P < 0.001), height (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), pulse pressure (P = 0.020), history of stroke (P = 0.012), hemoglobin level (P = 0.002), red blood cell count (P = 0.031), creatinine (P < 0.001), and (estimated glomerular filtration rate) eGFR (P = 0.002) was also significantly different across the three BP categories. After adjustment, the significantly associated factors of RSH in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.03, (95% CI = 1.01–1.06), P < 0.010], male gender [OR = 1.54, (95% CI = 1.04–2.27), P = 0.029], BMI [OR = 1.10, (95% CI = 1.04–1.17), P = 0.001]. After adjustment, the independent variables significantly associated factors of Hypertension in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.05, (95% CI = 1.01–1.10), P = 0.034], male gender [OR = 3.31, (95% CI = 1.04–10.52), P = 0.042], BMI [OR = 1.14, (95% CI = 1.01–1.29), P = 0.027]. Creatinine was significantly associated with RSH [OR =1.31 (1.05–1.63), P = 0.016]. SCD patients with RSH or hypertension maybe at increased risk of renal dysfunction. We found relatively high prevalence of RSH and hypertension (20.8%) in SCD patients in Cameroon. Tailored Interventions that consider major risk factors (age, gender, and BMI) may lower BP pressure and prevent severe complications.
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spelling pubmed-93440532022-08-03 Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon Nguweneza, Arthemon Ngo Bitoungui, Valentina Josiane Mnika, Khuthala Mazandu, Gaston Nembaware, Victoria Kengne, Andre P. Wonkam, Ambroise Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Increased blood pressure (BP) has been associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated risk factors associated with Relative Systemic Hypertension (RSH) or systemic hypertension in SCD patients in Cameroon. Using R, Multivariate multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to examine the effects of the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory factors to determine risk factors. A total of 815 individuals with SCD, including 380 (46.6%) males were analyzed. At baseline, the median age [interquartile range] was 18.0 [12.0–25.0] years, ranging from 3 to 66 years. Approximately three-quarters of the patients (n = 645; 79.1%) had normal BP, 151 (18.5%) had RSH and 19 (2.3%) had hypertension. Age (P < 0.001) and gender (P = 0.022) were significantly different across the BP categories. Weight (P < 0.001), height (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), pulse pressure (P = 0.020), history of stroke (P = 0.012), hemoglobin level (P = 0.002), red blood cell count (P = 0.031), creatinine (P < 0.001), and (estimated glomerular filtration rate) eGFR (P = 0.002) was also significantly different across the three BP categories. After adjustment, the significantly associated factors of RSH in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.03, (95% CI = 1.01–1.06), P < 0.010], male gender [OR = 1.54, (95% CI = 1.04–2.27), P = 0.029], BMI [OR = 1.10, (95% CI = 1.04–1.17), P = 0.001]. After adjustment, the independent variables significantly associated factors of Hypertension in the SCD patients were age [OR = 1.05, (95% CI = 1.01–1.10), P = 0.034], male gender [OR = 3.31, (95% CI = 1.04–10.52), P = 0.042], BMI [OR = 1.14, (95% CI = 1.01–1.29), P = 0.027]. Creatinine was significantly associated with RSH [OR =1.31 (1.05–1.63), P = 0.016]. SCD patients with RSH or hypertension maybe at increased risk of renal dysfunction. We found relatively high prevalence of RSH and hypertension (20.8%) in SCD patients in Cameroon. Tailored Interventions that consider major risk factors (age, gender, and BMI) may lower BP pressure and prevent severe complications. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9344053/ /pubmed/35928290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.924722 Text en Copyright © 2022 Nguweneza, Ngo Bitoungui, Mnika, Mazandu, Nembaware, Kengne and Wonkam. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Nguweneza, Arthemon
Ngo Bitoungui, Valentina Josiane
Mnika, Khuthala
Mazandu, Gaston
Nembaware, Victoria
Kengne, Andre P.
Wonkam, Ambroise
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
title Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
title_full Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
title_fullStr Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
title_full_unstemmed Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
title_short Clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in Cameroon
title_sort clinical characteristics and risk factors of relative systemic hypertension and hypertension among sickle cell patients in cameroon
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35928290
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.924722
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