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Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany

IMPORTANCE: Alcohol consumption (AC) leads to death and disability worldwide. Ongoing discussions on potential negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on AC need to be informed by real-world evidence. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether lockdown measures are associated with AC and consumption-related te...

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Autores principales: Deeken, Friederike, Reichert, Markus, Zech, Hilmar, Wenzel, Julia, Wedemeyer, Friederike, Aguilera, Alvaro, Aslan, Acelya, Bach, Patrick, Bahr, Nadja S., Ebrahimi, Claudia, Fischbach, Pascale C., Ganz, Marvin, Garbusow, Maria, Großkopf, Charlotte M., Heigert, Marie, Hentschel, Angela, Karl, Damian, Pelz, Patricia, Pinger, Mathieu, Riemerschmid, Carlotta, Rosenthal, Annika, Steffen, Johannes, Strehle, Jens, Weiss, Franziska, Wieder, Gesine, Wieland, Alfred, Zaiser, Judith, Zimmermann, Sina, Walter, Henrik, Lenz, Bernd, Deserno, Lorenz, Smolka, Michael N., Liu, Shuyan, Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W., Heinz, Andreas, Rapp, Michael A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Medical Association 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344361/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35913741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24641
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author Deeken, Friederike
Reichert, Markus
Zech, Hilmar
Wenzel, Julia
Wedemeyer, Friederike
Aguilera, Alvaro
Aslan, Acelya
Bach, Patrick
Bahr, Nadja S.
Ebrahimi, Claudia
Fischbach, Pascale C.
Ganz, Marvin
Garbusow, Maria
Großkopf, Charlotte M.
Heigert, Marie
Hentschel, Angela
Karl, Damian
Pelz, Patricia
Pinger, Mathieu
Riemerschmid, Carlotta
Rosenthal, Annika
Steffen, Johannes
Strehle, Jens
Weiss, Franziska
Wieder, Gesine
Wieland, Alfred
Zaiser, Judith
Zimmermann, Sina
Walter, Henrik
Lenz, Bernd
Deserno, Lorenz
Smolka, Michael N.
Liu, Shuyan
Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W.
Heinz, Andreas
Rapp, Michael A.
author_facet Deeken, Friederike
Reichert, Markus
Zech, Hilmar
Wenzel, Julia
Wedemeyer, Friederike
Aguilera, Alvaro
Aslan, Acelya
Bach, Patrick
Bahr, Nadja S.
Ebrahimi, Claudia
Fischbach, Pascale C.
Ganz, Marvin
Garbusow, Maria
Großkopf, Charlotte M.
Heigert, Marie
Hentschel, Angela
Karl, Damian
Pelz, Patricia
Pinger, Mathieu
Riemerschmid, Carlotta
Rosenthal, Annika
Steffen, Johannes
Strehle, Jens
Weiss, Franziska
Wieder, Gesine
Wieland, Alfred
Zaiser, Judith
Zimmermann, Sina
Walter, Henrik
Lenz, Bernd
Deserno, Lorenz
Smolka, Michael N.
Liu, Shuyan
Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W.
Heinz, Andreas
Rapp, Michael A.
author_sort Deeken, Friederike
collection PubMed
description IMPORTANCE: Alcohol consumption (AC) leads to death and disability worldwide. Ongoing discussions on potential negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on AC need to be informed by real-world evidence. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether lockdown measures are associated with AC and consumption-related temporal and psychological within-person mechanisms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This quantitative, intensive, longitudinal cohort study recruited 1743 participants from 3 sites from February 20, 2020, to February 28, 2021. Data were provided before and within the second lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: before lockdown (October 2 to November 1, 2020); light lockdown (November 2 to December 15, 2020); and hard lockdown (December 16, 2020, to February 28, 2021). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Daily ratings of AC (main outcome) captured during 3 lockdown phases (main variable) and temporal (weekends and holidays) and psychological (social isolation and drinking intention) correlates. RESULTS: Of the 1743 screened participants, 189 (119 [63.0%] male; median [IQR] age, 37 [27.5-52.0] years) with at least 2 alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) yet without the need for medically supervised alcohol withdrawal were included. These individuals provided 14 694 smartphone ratings from October 2020 through February 2021. Multilevel modeling revealed significantly higher AC (grams of alcohol per day) on weekend days vs weekdays (β = 11.39; 95% CI, 10.00-12.77; P < .001). Alcohol consumption was above the overall average on Christmas (β = 26.82; 95% CI, 21.87-31.77; P < .001) and New Year’s Eve (β = 66.88; 95% CI, 59.22-74.54; P < .001). During the hard lockdown, perceived social isolation was significantly higher (β = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.06-0.15; P < .001), but AC was significantly lower (β = −5.45; 95% CI, −8.00 to −2.90; P = .001). Independent of lockdown, intention to drink less alcohol was associated with lower AC (β = −11.10; 95% CI, −13.63 to −8.58; P < .001). Notably, differences in AC between weekend and weekdays decreased both during the hard lockdown (β = −6.14; 95% CI, −9.96 to −2.31; P = .002) and in participants with severe AUD (β = −6.26; 95% CI, −10.18 to −2.34; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This 5-month cohort study found no immediate negative associations of lockdown measures with overall AC. Rather, weekend-weekday and holiday AC patterns exceeded lockdown effects. Differences in AC between weekend days and weekdays evinced that weekend drinking cycles decreased as a function of AUD severity and lockdown measures, indicating a potential mechanism of losing and regaining control. This finding suggests that temporal patterns and drinking intention constitute promising targets for prevention and intervention, even in high-risk individuals.
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spelling pubmed-93443612022-08-19 Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany Deeken, Friederike Reichert, Markus Zech, Hilmar Wenzel, Julia Wedemeyer, Friederike Aguilera, Alvaro Aslan, Acelya Bach, Patrick Bahr, Nadja S. Ebrahimi, Claudia Fischbach, Pascale C. Ganz, Marvin Garbusow, Maria Großkopf, Charlotte M. Heigert, Marie Hentschel, Angela Karl, Damian Pelz, Patricia Pinger, Mathieu Riemerschmid, Carlotta Rosenthal, Annika Steffen, Johannes Strehle, Jens Weiss, Franziska Wieder, Gesine Wieland, Alfred Zaiser, Judith Zimmermann, Sina Walter, Henrik Lenz, Bernd Deserno, Lorenz Smolka, Michael N. Liu, Shuyan Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W. Heinz, Andreas Rapp, Michael A. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Alcohol consumption (AC) leads to death and disability worldwide. Ongoing discussions on potential negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on AC need to be informed by real-world evidence. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether lockdown measures are associated with AC and consumption-related temporal and psychological within-person mechanisms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This quantitative, intensive, longitudinal cohort study recruited 1743 participants from 3 sites from February 20, 2020, to February 28, 2021. Data were provided before and within the second lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: before lockdown (October 2 to November 1, 2020); light lockdown (November 2 to December 15, 2020); and hard lockdown (December 16, 2020, to February 28, 2021). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Daily ratings of AC (main outcome) captured during 3 lockdown phases (main variable) and temporal (weekends and holidays) and psychological (social isolation and drinking intention) correlates. RESULTS: Of the 1743 screened participants, 189 (119 [63.0%] male; median [IQR] age, 37 [27.5-52.0] years) with at least 2 alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) yet without the need for medically supervised alcohol withdrawal were included. These individuals provided 14 694 smartphone ratings from October 2020 through February 2021. Multilevel modeling revealed significantly higher AC (grams of alcohol per day) on weekend days vs weekdays (β = 11.39; 95% CI, 10.00-12.77; P < .001). Alcohol consumption was above the overall average on Christmas (β = 26.82; 95% CI, 21.87-31.77; P < .001) and New Year’s Eve (β = 66.88; 95% CI, 59.22-74.54; P < .001). During the hard lockdown, perceived social isolation was significantly higher (β = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.06-0.15; P < .001), but AC was significantly lower (β = −5.45; 95% CI, −8.00 to −2.90; P = .001). Independent of lockdown, intention to drink less alcohol was associated with lower AC (β = −11.10; 95% CI, −13.63 to −8.58; P < .001). Notably, differences in AC between weekend and weekdays decreased both during the hard lockdown (β = −6.14; 95% CI, −9.96 to −2.31; P = .002) and in participants with severe AUD (β = −6.26; 95% CI, −10.18 to −2.34; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This 5-month cohort study found no immediate negative associations of lockdown measures with overall AC. Rather, weekend-weekday and holiday AC patterns exceeded lockdown effects. Differences in AC between weekend days and weekdays evinced that weekend drinking cycles decreased as a function of AUD severity and lockdown measures, indicating a potential mechanism of losing and regaining control. This finding suggests that temporal patterns and drinking intention constitute promising targets for prevention and intervention, even in high-risk individuals. American Medical Association 2022-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9344361/ /pubmed/35913741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24641 Text en Copyright 2022 Deeken F et al. JAMA Network Open. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Deeken, Friederike
Reichert, Markus
Zech, Hilmar
Wenzel, Julia
Wedemeyer, Friederike
Aguilera, Alvaro
Aslan, Acelya
Bach, Patrick
Bahr, Nadja S.
Ebrahimi, Claudia
Fischbach, Pascale C.
Ganz, Marvin
Garbusow, Maria
Großkopf, Charlotte M.
Heigert, Marie
Hentschel, Angela
Karl, Damian
Pelz, Patricia
Pinger, Mathieu
Riemerschmid, Carlotta
Rosenthal, Annika
Steffen, Johannes
Strehle, Jens
Weiss, Franziska
Wieder, Gesine
Wieland, Alfred
Zaiser, Judith
Zimmermann, Sina
Walter, Henrik
Lenz, Bernd
Deserno, Lorenz
Smolka, Michael N.
Liu, Shuyan
Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W.
Heinz, Andreas
Rapp, Michael A.
Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany
title Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany
title_full Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany
title_fullStr Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany
title_full_unstemmed Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany
title_short Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns in Germany
title_sort patterns of alcohol consumption among individuals with alcohol use disorder during the covid-19 pandemic and lockdowns in germany
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344361/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35913741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24641
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