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A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders

The study of complex systems deals with emergent behavior that arises as a result of nonlinear spatiotemporal interactions between a large number of components both within the system, as well as between the system and its environment. There is a strong case to be made that neural systems as well as...

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Autores principales: Turkheimer, Federico E., Rosas, Fernando E., Dipasquale, Ottavia, Martins, Daniel, Fagerholm, Erik D., Expert, Paul, Váša, František, Lord, Louis-David, Leech, Robert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344570/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33593120
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858421994784
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author Turkheimer, Federico E.
Rosas, Fernando E.
Dipasquale, Ottavia
Martins, Daniel
Fagerholm, Erik D.
Expert, Paul
Váša, František
Lord, Louis-David
Leech, Robert
author_facet Turkheimer, Federico E.
Rosas, Fernando E.
Dipasquale, Ottavia
Martins, Daniel
Fagerholm, Erik D.
Expert, Paul
Váša, František
Lord, Louis-David
Leech, Robert
author_sort Turkheimer, Federico E.
collection PubMed
description The study of complex systems deals with emergent behavior that arises as a result of nonlinear spatiotemporal interactions between a large number of components both within the system, as well as between the system and its environment. There is a strong case to be made that neural systems as well as their emergent behavior and disorders can be studied within the framework of complexity science. In particular, the field of neuroimaging has begun to apply both theoretical and experimental procedures originating in complexity science—usually in parallel with traditional methodologies. Here, we illustrate the basic properties that characterize complex systems and evaluate how they relate to what we have learned about brain structure and function from neuroimaging experiments. We then argue in favor of adopting a complex systems-based methodology in the study of neuroimaging, alongside appropriate experimental paradigms, and with minimal influences from noncomplex system approaches. Our exposition includes a review of the fundamental mathematical concepts, combined with practical examples and a compilation of results from the literature.
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spelling pubmed-93445702022-08-03 A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders Turkheimer, Federico E. Rosas, Fernando E. Dipasquale, Ottavia Martins, Daniel Fagerholm, Erik D. Expert, Paul Váša, František Lord, Louis-David Leech, Robert Neuroscientist Reviews The study of complex systems deals with emergent behavior that arises as a result of nonlinear spatiotemporal interactions between a large number of components both within the system, as well as between the system and its environment. There is a strong case to be made that neural systems as well as their emergent behavior and disorders can be studied within the framework of complexity science. In particular, the field of neuroimaging has begun to apply both theoretical and experimental procedures originating in complexity science—usually in parallel with traditional methodologies. Here, we illustrate the basic properties that characterize complex systems and evaluate how they relate to what we have learned about brain structure and function from neuroimaging experiments. We then argue in favor of adopting a complex systems-based methodology in the study of neuroimaging, alongside appropriate experimental paradigms, and with minimal influences from noncomplex system approaches. Our exposition includes a review of the fundamental mathematical concepts, combined with practical examples and a compilation of results from the literature. SAGE Publications 2021-02-16 2022-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9344570/ /pubmed/33593120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858421994784 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Reviews
Turkheimer, Federico E.
Rosas, Fernando E.
Dipasquale, Ottavia
Martins, Daniel
Fagerholm, Erik D.
Expert, Paul
Váša, František
Lord, Louis-David
Leech, Robert
A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders
title A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders
title_full A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders
title_fullStr A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders
title_full_unstemmed A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders
title_short A Complex Systems Perspective on Neuroimaging Studies of Behavior and Its Disorders
title_sort complex systems perspective on neuroimaging studies of behavior and its disorders
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344570/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33593120
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858421994784
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