Meningitis due to intra-abdominal cerebrospinal fluid fistula following gunshot wound successfully treated with antibiotics and blood patch: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND: Penetrating spinal cord injury (PSCI) represents an average of 5.5% of all SCIs among civilians in the United States. The formation of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula following PSCI occurs in approximately 9% of cases. Intra-abdominal CSF fistulae are rarely reported. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present the case of a 28-year-old Caucasian female who suffered a single gunshot wound to the abdomen with a missile fragment lodged within the left L2 pedicle and transverse process without obvious canal compromise. The patient developed bacterial meningitis 13 days after the initial injury, treated with IV antibiotics. CT myelogram demonstrated intra-abdominal ventral CSF fistula from the left L2–L3 neuroforamen. The patient was successfully treated with fluoroscopy-guided dorsal autologous blood patch graft. CONCLUSION: This case highlights a rare complication of PSCI successfully managed with the use of a blood patch graft.