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Epidemiological assessment of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection
OBJECTIVES: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been shown to reduce infection severity; however, the reinfection frequency among unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated individuals remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the rates of and factors associated with such occurrences. METHO...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9345650/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35931371 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.075 |
Sumario: | OBJECTIVES: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been shown to reduce infection severity; however, the reinfection frequency among unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated individuals remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the rates of and factors associated with such occurrences. METHODS: This retrospective epidemiological report included 1362 COVID-19 reinfection cases in Bahrain between April 2020 and July 2021. We analyzed differences in disease severity and reinfection characteristics among various vaccination statuses: fully vaccinated, interrupted vaccination, one-dose vaccination, postreinfection vaccination, and unvaccinated. RESULTS: Reinfection cases increased from zero per month in April-June 2020 to a sharp peak of 579 in May 2021. A significantly larger proportion of reinfected individuals were male (60.3%, P <0.0001). Reinfection episodes were highest among those 30-39 years of age (29.7%). The fewest reinfection episodes occurred at 3-6 months after the first infection (20.6%) and most occurred ≥9 months after the initial infection (46.4%). Most individuals were asymptomatic during both episodes (35.7%). Reinfection disease severity was mild, with vaccinated patients less likely to have symptomatic reinfection (odds ratio 0.71, P = 0.004). Only 6.6% of reinfected patients required hospitalization. One death was recorded; the patient belonged to the unvaccinated group. CONCLUSION: Vaccine-induced immunity and previous infection with or without vaccination were effective in reducing reinfection disease severity. |
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