Analysis of perioperative negative emotion risk factors in patients with pituitary adenoma and its impact on prognosis: a retrospective study

BACKGROUND: Pituitary adenoma (PA) is the third most common tumor in craniocerebral surgery. Most patients will experience varying degrees of negative emotions before and after surgery, which may affect the prognosis of surgery. This study analyzed the perioperative negative emotional risk factors of patients with different characteristics of PA and their impact on prognosis, so as to provide a reference for improving the prognosis of patients with PA. METHODS: A total of 234 patients who underwent PA surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2017 to January 2022 were selected as the observation population. The general characteristics of the subjects were collated using a general information questionnaire designed by the researchers. The negative emotions of the patients were evaluated using a Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and a Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). The prognosis of patients was determined by assessing the hypophyseal hormone levels. Multiple regression analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of perioperative negative emotions and the effects of negative emotions on patient prognosis. RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis showed that with and without children, education, income, PA type, PA size, and surgical approach were independent factors influencing negative emotions in patients after PA surgery (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that negative emotion was an independent prognostic factor (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There are many factors that affect the anxiety and depression of patients after PA surgery. The family members and medical staff of the patients should take effective measures to relieve the anxiety and depression of the patients so as to improve the prognosis of patients according to the influencing factors.