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Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic benefit of convalescent plasma (CP) therapy to treat COVID‐19 may derive from neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to SARS‐CoV‐2. To investigate the effects of antigenic variation on neutralization potency of CP, we compared nAb titers against prototype and recently emerging st...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348319/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35588314 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.16934 |
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author | Harvala, Heli Nguyen, Dung Simmonds, Peter Lamikanra, Abigail A. Tsang, Hoi Pat Otter, Ashley Maes, Piet Webster, Mhairi Clarkson, Adam Kaloyirou, Fotini Hopkins, Valerie Laidlaw, Stephen M. Carroll, Miles Mora, Ana Griffiths, Alexandra MacLennan, Sheila Estcourt, Lise Roberts, David J. |
author_facet | Harvala, Heli Nguyen, Dung Simmonds, Peter Lamikanra, Abigail A. Tsang, Hoi Pat Otter, Ashley Maes, Piet Webster, Mhairi Clarkson, Adam Kaloyirou, Fotini Hopkins, Valerie Laidlaw, Stephen M. Carroll, Miles Mora, Ana Griffiths, Alexandra MacLennan, Sheila Estcourt, Lise Roberts, David J. |
author_sort | Harvala, Heli |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The therapeutic benefit of convalescent plasma (CP) therapy to treat COVID‐19 may derive from neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to SARS‐CoV‐2. To investigate the effects of antigenic variation on neutralization potency of CP, we compared nAb titers against prototype and recently emerging strains of SARS‐CoV‐2, including Delta and Omicron, in CP donors previously infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 before and after immunization. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Samples were assayed from previously SARS‐CoV‐2 infected donors before (n = 17) and after one (n = 43) or two (n = 71) doses of Astra‐Zeneca or Pfizer vaccinations. Ab titers against Wuhan/wild type (WT), Alpha, Beta, and Delta SARS‐CoV‐2 strains were determined by live virus microneutralization assay while titers to Omicron used a focus reduction neutralization test. Anti‐spike antibody was assayed by Elecsys anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 quantitative spike assay (Roche). RESULTS: Unvaccinated donors showed a geometric mean titer (GMT) of 148 against WT, 80 against Alpha but mostly failed to neutralize Beta, Delta, and Omicron strains. Contrastingly, high GMTs were observed in vaccinated donors against all SARS‐CoV‐2 strains after one vaccine dose (WT:703; Alpha:692; Beta:187; Delta:215; Omicron:434). By ROC analysis, reactivity in the Roche quantitative Elecsys spike assay of 20,000 U/mL was highly predictive of donations with nAb titers of ≥1:640 against Delta (90% sensitivity; 97% specificity) and ≥1:320 against Omicron (89% sensitivity; 81% specificity). DISCUSSION: Vaccination of previously infected CP donors induced high levels of broadly neutralizing antibodies against circulating antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2. High titer donations could be reliably identified by automated quantitative anti‐spike antibody assay, enabling large‐scale preselection of high‐titer convalescent plasma. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9348319 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93483192022-08-04 Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization Harvala, Heli Nguyen, Dung Simmonds, Peter Lamikanra, Abigail A. Tsang, Hoi Pat Otter, Ashley Maes, Piet Webster, Mhairi Clarkson, Adam Kaloyirou, Fotini Hopkins, Valerie Laidlaw, Stephen M. Carroll, Miles Mora, Ana Griffiths, Alexandra MacLennan, Sheila Estcourt, Lise Roberts, David J. Transfusion Brief Reports BACKGROUND: The therapeutic benefit of convalescent plasma (CP) therapy to treat COVID‐19 may derive from neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to SARS‐CoV‐2. To investigate the effects of antigenic variation on neutralization potency of CP, we compared nAb titers against prototype and recently emerging strains of SARS‐CoV‐2, including Delta and Omicron, in CP donors previously infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 before and after immunization. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Samples were assayed from previously SARS‐CoV‐2 infected donors before (n = 17) and after one (n = 43) or two (n = 71) doses of Astra‐Zeneca or Pfizer vaccinations. Ab titers against Wuhan/wild type (WT), Alpha, Beta, and Delta SARS‐CoV‐2 strains were determined by live virus microneutralization assay while titers to Omicron used a focus reduction neutralization test. Anti‐spike antibody was assayed by Elecsys anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 quantitative spike assay (Roche). RESULTS: Unvaccinated donors showed a geometric mean titer (GMT) of 148 against WT, 80 against Alpha but mostly failed to neutralize Beta, Delta, and Omicron strains. Contrastingly, high GMTs were observed in vaccinated donors against all SARS‐CoV‐2 strains after one vaccine dose (WT:703; Alpha:692; Beta:187; Delta:215; Omicron:434). By ROC analysis, reactivity in the Roche quantitative Elecsys spike assay of 20,000 U/mL was highly predictive of donations with nAb titers of ≥1:640 against Delta (90% sensitivity; 97% specificity) and ≥1:320 against Omicron (89% sensitivity; 81% specificity). DISCUSSION: Vaccination of previously infected CP donors induced high levels of broadly neutralizing antibodies against circulating antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2. High titer donations could be reliably identified by automated quantitative anti‐spike antibody assay, enabling large‐scale preselection of high‐titer convalescent plasma. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022-06-02 2022-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9348319/ /pubmed/35588314 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.16934 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Transfusion published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of AABB. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Brief Reports Harvala, Heli Nguyen, Dung Simmonds, Peter Lamikanra, Abigail A. Tsang, Hoi Pat Otter, Ashley Maes, Piet Webster, Mhairi Clarkson, Adam Kaloyirou, Fotini Hopkins, Valerie Laidlaw, Stephen M. Carroll, Miles Mora, Ana Griffiths, Alexandra MacLennan, Sheila Estcourt, Lise Roberts, David J. Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization |
title | Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization |
title_full | Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization |
title_fullStr | Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization |
title_full_unstemmed | Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization |
title_short | Convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 following immunization |
title_sort | convalescent plasma donors show enhanced cross‐reactive neutralizing antibody response to antigenic variants of sars‐cov‐2 following immunization |
topic | Brief Reports |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348319/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35588314 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.16934 |
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