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Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species
Iris species, commonly known as rainbow flowers because of their attractive flowers, are extensively grown in landscape gardens. A few species, including Belamcanda chinensis, the synonym of I. domestica and I. tectorum, are known for their medicinal properties. However, research on the genomes and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Hindawi
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348943/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35937412 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2194021 |
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author | Feng, Jing-lu Wu, Li-wei Wang, Qing Pan, Yun-jia Li, Bao-li Lin, Yu-lin Yao, Hui |
author_facet | Feng, Jing-lu Wu, Li-wei Wang, Qing Pan, Yun-jia Li, Bao-li Lin, Yu-lin Yao, Hui |
author_sort | Feng, Jing-lu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Iris species, commonly known as rainbow flowers because of their attractive flowers, are extensively grown in landscape gardens. A few species, including Belamcanda chinensis, the synonym of I. domestica and I. tectorum, are known for their medicinal properties. However, research on the genomes and evolutionary relationships of Iris species is scarce. In the current study, the complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of I. tectorum, I. dichotoma, I. japonica, and I. domestica were sequenced and compared for their identification and relationship. The CP genomes of the four Iris species were circular quadripartite with similar lengths, GC contents, and codon usages. A total of 113 specific genes were annotated, including the ycf1 pseudogene in all species and rps19 in I. japonica alone. All the species had mononucleotide (A/T) simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and long forward and palindromic repeats in their genomes. A comparison of the CP genomes based on mVISTA and nucleotide diversity (Pi) identified three highly variable regions (ndhF-rpl32, rps15-ycf1, and rpl16). Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete CP genomes concluded that I. tectorum is a sister of I. japonica, and the subgenus Pardanthopsis with several I. domestica clustered into one branch is a sister of I. dichotoma. These findings confirm the feasibility of superbarcodes (complete CP genomes) for Iris species authentication and could serve as a resource for further research on Iris phylogeny. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9348943 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93489432022-08-04 Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species Feng, Jing-lu Wu, Li-wei Wang, Qing Pan, Yun-jia Li, Bao-li Lin, Yu-lin Yao, Hui Biomed Res Int Research Article Iris species, commonly known as rainbow flowers because of their attractive flowers, are extensively grown in landscape gardens. A few species, including Belamcanda chinensis, the synonym of I. domestica and I. tectorum, are known for their medicinal properties. However, research on the genomes and evolutionary relationships of Iris species is scarce. In the current study, the complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of I. tectorum, I. dichotoma, I. japonica, and I. domestica were sequenced and compared for their identification and relationship. The CP genomes of the four Iris species were circular quadripartite with similar lengths, GC contents, and codon usages. A total of 113 specific genes were annotated, including the ycf1 pseudogene in all species and rps19 in I. japonica alone. All the species had mononucleotide (A/T) simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and long forward and palindromic repeats in their genomes. A comparison of the CP genomes based on mVISTA and nucleotide diversity (Pi) identified three highly variable regions (ndhF-rpl32, rps15-ycf1, and rpl16). Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete CP genomes concluded that I. tectorum is a sister of I. japonica, and the subgenus Pardanthopsis with several I. domestica clustered into one branch is a sister of I. dichotoma. These findings confirm the feasibility of superbarcodes (complete CP genomes) for Iris species authentication and could serve as a resource for further research on Iris phylogeny. Hindawi 2022-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9348943/ /pubmed/35937412 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2194021 Text en Copyright © 2022 Jing-lu Feng et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Feng, Jing-lu Wu, Li-wei Wang, Qing Pan, Yun-jia Li, Bao-li Lin, Yu-lin Yao, Hui Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species |
title | Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species |
title_full | Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species |
title_fullStr | Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species |
title_short | Comparison Analysis Based on Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Insights into Plastid Phylogenomic of Four Iris Species |
title_sort | comparison analysis based on complete chloroplast genomes and insights into plastid phylogenomic of four iris species |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348943/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35937412 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2194021 |
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