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The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the vaccination coverage rate (VCR) in children under 5 years old in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Nasiriyah in southeastern Iraq, with data collecte...

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Autores principales: Alhaddad, Ali Rifaat, Ahmadnezhad, Elham, Fotouhi, Akbar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Society of Epidemiology 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9350418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35381166
http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022035
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author Alhaddad, Ali Rifaat
Ahmadnezhad, Elham
Fotouhi, Akbar
author_facet Alhaddad, Ali Rifaat
Ahmadnezhad, Elham
Fotouhi, Akbar
author_sort Alhaddad, Ali Rifaat
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: This study compared the vaccination coverage rate (VCR) in children under 5 years old in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Nasiriyah in southeastern Iraq, with data collected from 79 primary healthcare facilities. This study evaluated the VCR in 3 periods (2018, 2019, and 2020) using multi-level random sampling. Pertinent data were extracted from the vaccination records of 598 children for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG); pentavalent 1, 2, and 3; measles; and activated oral poliovirus vaccine 1 and 2. Missing data were completed by telephone calls to participants’ parents. Logistic regression was applied to compare and estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between VCR and related factors. RESULTS: The data showed the greatest decline in the studied vaccines in 2020. Among the vaccines studied, BCG had the highest rate in all 3 periods (100% VCR) and measles had the lowest rate (83.7%), reaching 63.6% in 2020 (p<0.001). The highest OR among all types of vaccine were found for the pentavalent-3 vaccine among city dwellers and those born in 2020 (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.39 to 5.10 and OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.28 to 4.28, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The VCR for children decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq, and new health policies are needed to increase the coverage rate. Improving the knowledge and attitudes of parents, as well as removing barriers or risk factors, can also be effective in improving the VCR.
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spelling pubmed-93504182022-08-11 The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic Alhaddad, Ali Rifaat Ahmadnezhad, Elham Fotouhi, Akbar Epidemiol Health COVID-19 OBJECTIVES: This study compared the vaccination coverage rate (VCR) in children under 5 years old in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Nasiriyah in southeastern Iraq, with data collected from 79 primary healthcare facilities. This study evaluated the VCR in 3 periods (2018, 2019, and 2020) using multi-level random sampling. Pertinent data were extracted from the vaccination records of 598 children for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG); pentavalent 1, 2, and 3; measles; and activated oral poliovirus vaccine 1 and 2. Missing data were completed by telephone calls to participants’ parents. Logistic regression was applied to compare and estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between VCR and related factors. RESULTS: The data showed the greatest decline in the studied vaccines in 2020. Among the vaccines studied, BCG had the highest rate in all 3 periods (100% VCR) and measles had the lowest rate (83.7%), reaching 63.6% in 2020 (p<0.001). The highest OR among all types of vaccine were found for the pentavalent-3 vaccine among city dwellers and those born in 2020 (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.39 to 5.10 and OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.28 to 4.28, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The VCR for children decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq, and new health policies are needed to increase the coverage rate. Improving the knowledge and attitudes of parents, as well as removing barriers or risk factors, can also be effective in improving the VCR. Korean Society of Epidemiology 2022-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9350418/ /pubmed/35381166 http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022035 Text en ©2022, Korean Society of Epidemiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle COVID-19
Alhaddad, Ali Rifaat
Ahmadnezhad, Elham
Fotouhi, Akbar
The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
title The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_short The vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in Nasiriyah, Iraq before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort vaccination coverage rate in under-5 children in nasiriyah, iraq before and during the covid-19 pandemic
topic COVID-19
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9350418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35381166
http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022035
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