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Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years

IMPORTANCE: Data about the duration of protection of 2 and 3 doses of BNT162b2 in children and adolescents are needed to help inform recommendations for boosters in this age group. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) and durability associated with 2 doses of BNT162b2 against Delta- and...

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Autores principales: Tartof, Sara Y., Frankland, Timothy B., Slezak, Jeff M., Puzniak, Laura, Hong, Vennis, Xie, Fagen, Ackerson, Bradley K., Valluri, Srinivas R., Jodar, Luis, McLaughlin, John M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Medical Association 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9350713/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35921109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.25162
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author Tartof, Sara Y.
Frankland, Timothy B.
Slezak, Jeff M.
Puzniak, Laura
Hong, Vennis
Xie, Fagen
Ackerson, Bradley K.
Valluri, Srinivas R.
Jodar, Luis
McLaughlin, John M.
author_facet Tartof, Sara Y.
Frankland, Timothy B.
Slezak, Jeff M.
Puzniak, Laura
Hong, Vennis
Xie, Fagen
Ackerson, Bradley K.
Valluri, Srinivas R.
Jodar, Luis
McLaughlin, John M.
author_sort Tartof, Sara Y.
collection PubMed
description IMPORTANCE: Data about the duration of protection of 2 and 3 doses of BNT162b2 in children and adolescents are needed to help inform recommendations for boosters in this age group. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) and durability associated with 2 doses of BNT162b2 against Delta- and Omicron-related emergency department (ED) and urgent care (UC) encounters among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years and to estimate VE associated with 3 doses against these same outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This test-negative case-control study was conducted at Kaiser Permanente Southern California, an integrated health care system using electronic health records in the US. Participants included Kaiser Permanente Southern California members ages 12 to 17 years with an ED or UC encounter from November 1, 2021, through March 18, 2022, for acute respiratory infection who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 via a reverse transction–polymerase chain reaction test. Analyses were conducted from March 21 to June 22, 2022. EXPOSURES: BNT162b2 vaccination status ascertained from electronic health records and state registry data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcome was VE associated with BNT162b2 against ED and UC encounters related to Delta or Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: Analyses were conducted among 3168 adolescents, including 1004 with ED visits and 2164 with UC visits. Median (IQR) age was 15 (13-16) years, and 1461 (46.1%) were boys. In adjusted analyses, VE associated with 2 doses of BNT162b2 against ED or UC encounters was highest within the first 2 months for both Delta (89% [95% CI, 69% to 96%]) and Omicron (73% [95% CI, 54% to 84%]) variants but waned to 49% (95% CI, 27% to 65%) for the Delta variant and 16% (95% CI, −7% to 34%) for the Omicron variant at 6 months and beyond. A third dose of BNT162b2 was associated with improved protection against the Omicron variant (87% [95% CI, 72% to 94%]) after a median (IQR) of 19 (9-32) days after dose 3. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that 2 doses of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine were associated with high levels of protection against ED and UC encounters related to the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the first few months after vaccination. However, effectiveness waned over time, especially against Omicron. A third dose of BNT162b2 was associated with improved protection against Omicron beyond that seen initially after 2 doses, underscoring the importance of boosters for adolescents aged 12 to 17 years.
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spelling pubmed-93507132022-08-19 Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years Tartof, Sara Y. Frankland, Timothy B. Slezak, Jeff M. Puzniak, Laura Hong, Vennis Xie, Fagen Ackerson, Bradley K. Valluri, Srinivas R. Jodar, Luis McLaughlin, John M. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Data about the duration of protection of 2 and 3 doses of BNT162b2 in children and adolescents are needed to help inform recommendations for boosters in this age group. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) and durability associated with 2 doses of BNT162b2 against Delta- and Omicron-related emergency department (ED) and urgent care (UC) encounters among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years and to estimate VE associated with 3 doses against these same outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This test-negative case-control study was conducted at Kaiser Permanente Southern California, an integrated health care system using electronic health records in the US. Participants included Kaiser Permanente Southern California members ages 12 to 17 years with an ED or UC encounter from November 1, 2021, through March 18, 2022, for acute respiratory infection who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 via a reverse transction–polymerase chain reaction test. Analyses were conducted from March 21 to June 22, 2022. EXPOSURES: BNT162b2 vaccination status ascertained from electronic health records and state registry data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcome was VE associated with BNT162b2 against ED and UC encounters related to Delta or Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: Analyses were conducted among 3168 adolescents, including 1004 with ED visits and 2164 with UC visits. Median (IQR) age was 15 (13-16) years, and 1461 (46.1%) were boys. In adjusted analyses, VE associated with 2 doses of BNT162b2 against ED or UC encounters was highest within the first 2 months for both Delta (89% [95% CI, 69% to 96%]) and Omicron (73% [95% CI, 54% to 84%]) variants but waned to 49% (95% CI, 27% to 65%) for the Delta variant and 16% (95% CI, −7% to 34%) for the Omicron variant at 6 months and beyond. A third dose of BNT162b2 was associated with improved protection against the Omicron variant (87% [95% CI, 72% to 94%]) after a median (IQR) of 19 (9-32) days after dose 3. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that 2 doses of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine were associated with high levels of protection against ED and UC encounters related to the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the first few months after vaccination. However, effectiveness waned over time, especially against Omicron. A third dose of BNT162b2 was associated with improved protection against Omicron beyond that seen initially after 2 doses, underscoring the importance of boosters for adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. American Medical Association 2022-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9350713/ /pubmed/35921109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.25162 Text en Copyright 2022 Tartof SY et al. JAMA Network Open. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND License.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Tartof, Sara Y.
Frankland, Timothy B.
Slezak, Jeff M.
Puzniak, Laura
Hong, Vennis
Xie, Fagen
Ackerson, Bradley K.
Valluri, Srinivas R.
Jodar, Luis
McLaughlin, John M.
Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years
title Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years
title_full Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years
title_fullStr Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years
title_short Effectiveness Associated With BNT162b2 Vaccine Against Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters for Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years
title_sort effectiveness associated with bnt162b2 vaccine against emergency department and urgent care encounters for delta and omicron sars-cov-2 infection among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9350713/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35921109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.25162
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