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Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings

Immunocompromised patients are predisposed to severe COVID-19. Here we compare homotypic and heterotypic humoral and cellular immune responses to Omicron BA.1 in organ transplant patients across a diverse clinical spectrum. We perform variant-specific pseudovirus neutralization assays for D614G, and...

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Autores principales: Ferreira, Victor H., Solera, Javier T., Hu, Queenie, Hall, Victoria G., Arbol, Berta G., Rod Hardy, W., Samson, Reuben, Marinelli, Tina, Ierullo, Matthew, Virk, Avneet Kaur, Kurtesi, Alexandra, Mavandadnejad, Faranak, Majchrzak-Kita, Beata, Kulasingam, Vathany, Gingras, Anne-Claude, Kumar, Deepali, Humar, Atul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9352686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35927279
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32235-x
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author Ferreira, Victor H.
Solera, Javier T.
Hu, Queenie
Hall, Victoria G.
Arbol, Berta G.
Rod Hardy, W.
Samson, Reuben
Marinelli, Tina
Ierullo, Matthew
Virk, Avneet Kaur
Kurtesi, Alexandra
Mavandadnejad, Faranak
Majchrzak-Kita, Beata
Kulasingam, Vathany
Gingras, Anne-Claude
Kumar, Deepali
Humar, Atul
author_facet Ferreira, Victor H.
Solera, Javier T.
Hu, Queenie
Hall, Victoria G.
Arbol, Berta G.
Rod Hardy, W.
Samson, Reuben
Marinelli, Tina
Ierullo, Matthew
Virk, Avneet Kaur
Kurtesi, Alexandra
Mavandadnejad, Faranak
Majchrzak-Kita, Beata
Kulasingam, Vathany
Gingras, Anne-Claude
Kumar, Deepali
Humar, Atul
author_sort Ferreira, Victor H.
collection PubMed
description Immunocompromised patients are predisposed to severe COVID-19. Here we compare homotypic and heterotypic humoral and cellular immune responses to Omicron BA.1 in organ transplant patients across a diverse clinical spectrum. We perform variant-specific pseudovirus neutralization assays for D614G, and Omicron-BA.1, -BA.2, and Delta variants. We also measure poly-and monofunctional T-cell responses to BA.1 and ancestral SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools. We identify that partially or fully-vaccinated transplant recipients after infection with Omicron BA.1 have the greatest BA.1 neutralizing antibody and BA.1-specific polyfunctional CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses, with potent cross-neutralization against BA.2. In these patients, the magnitude of the BA.1-directed response is comparable to immunocompetent triple-vaccinated controls. A subset of patients with pre-Omicron infection have heterotypic responses to BA.1 and BA.2, whereas uninfected transplant patients with three doses of vaccine demonstrate the weakest comparative responses. These results have implications for risk of infection, re-infection, and disease severity among immune compromised hosts with Omicron infection.
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spelling pubmed-93526862022-08-06 Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings Ferreira, Victor H. Solera, Javier T. Hu, Queenie Hall, Victoria G. Arbol, Berta G. Rod Hardy, W. Samson, Reuben Marinelli, Tina Ierullo, Matthew Virk, Avneet Kaur Kurtesi, Alexandra Mavandadnejad, Faranak Majchrzak-Kita, Beata Kulasingam, Vathany Gingras, Anne-Claude Kumar, Deepali Humar, Atul Nat Commun Article Immunocompromised patients are predisposed to severe COVID-19. Here we compare homotypic and heterotypic humoral and cellular immune responses to Omicron BA.1 in organ transplant patients across a diverse clinical spectrum. We perform variant-specific pseudovirus neutralization assays for D614G, and Omicron-BA.1, -BA.2, and Delta variants. We also measure poly-and monofunctional T-cell responses to BA.1 and ancestral SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools. We identify that partially or fully-vaccinated transplant recipients after infection with Omicron BA.1 have the greatest BA.1 neutralizing antibody and BA.1-specific polyfunctional CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses, with potent cross-neutralization against BA.2. In these patients, the magnitude of the BA.1-directed response is comparable to immunocompetent triple-vaccinated controls. A subset of patients with pre-Omicron infection have heterotypic responses to BA.1 and BA.2, whereas uninfected transplant patients with three doses of vaccine demonstrate the weakest comparative responses. These results have implications for risk of infection, re-infection, and disease severity among immune compromised hosts with Omicron infection. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9352686/ /pubmed/35927279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32235-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Ferreira, Victor H.
Solera, Javier T.
Hu, Queenie
Hall, Victoria G.
Arbol, Berta G.
Rod Hardy, W.
Samson, Reuben
Marinelli, Tina
Ierullo, Matthew
Virk, Avneet Kaur
Kurtesi, Alexandra
Mavandadnejad, Faranak
Majchrzak-Kita, Beata
Kulasingam, Vathany
Gingras, Anne-Claude
Kumar, Deepali
Humar, Atul
Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
title Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
title_full Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
title_fullStr Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
title_full_unstemmed Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
title_short Homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to Omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
title_sort homotypic and heterotypic immune responses to omicron variant in immunocompromised patients in diverse clinical settings
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9352686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35927279
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32235-x
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