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Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
OBJECT: The prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis faced great challenge due to tumor heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between the immune infiltrate and prognosis. Moreover, we aimed to establish a risk prediction model for survival in HCC patie...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9353009/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35936682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.925362 |
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author | Wan, Haifeng Lu, Shan Xu, Lin Yuan, Kefei Xiao, Yang Xie, Kunlin Wu, Hong |
author_facet | Wan, Haifeng Lu, Shan Xu, Lin Yuan, Kefei Xiao, Yang Xie, Kunlin Wu, Hong |
author_sort | Wan, Haifeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECT: The prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis faced great challenge due to tumor heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between the immune infiltrate and prognosis. Moreover, we aimed to establish a risk prediction model for survival in HCC patients based on clinicopathological and immune indicators. METHODS: In this study, 316 patients with HCC who underwent radical resection in West China Hospital from 2009 to 2014 were included. Clinicopathological data and pathological specimens were collected. H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on the pathological tissue sections. The evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density was based on H&E slices, and the assessment of the expressions of CD8, CD68, Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3), Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1), Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1), OX40, CD66b, and Tryptase. was performed on the immunohistochemical slices. A risk prediction model for survival in HCC patients was established by integrating immune-related biomarkers and clinicopathological indicators. RESULTS: The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage; the microvascular invasion status; the density of TILs; the expressing levels of CD66b, OX40, and PD-L1 in the immune cell; CD68; and CD8 were the predictors of patients’ overall survival (OS). The BCLC stage; the density of TILs; and the expressions of OX40, CD68, and CD8 were associated with disease-free survival (DFS). The expressions of CD66b, CD68, OX40, and CD8 had a cumulative effect on prognosis. The area under the curve of the prediction model for OS based on clinicopathological features was improved from 0.62 to 0.74 by adding to CD8, OX40, CD68, CD66b, and TILs, whereas it was improved from 0.59 to 0.73 for the DFS prediction model. CONCLUSION: Our results, if confirmed, indicated that immune-related biomarkers should be taken into account or stratified in survival analysis for HCC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9353009 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93530092022-08-06 Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Wan, Haifeng Lu, Shan Xu, Lin Yuan, Kefei Xiao, Yang Xie, Kunlin Wu, Hong Front Oncol Oncology OBJECT: The prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis faced great challenge due to tumor heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between the immune infiltrate and prognosis. Moreover, we aimed to establish a risk prediction model for survival in HCC patients based on clinicopathological and immune indicators. METHODS: In this study, 316 patients with HCC who underwent radical resection in West China Hospital from 2009 to 2014 were included. Clinicopathological data and pathological specimens were collected. H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on the pathological tissue sections. The evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density was based on H&E slices, and the assessment of the expressions of CD8, CD68, Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3), Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1), Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1), OX40, CD66b, and Tryptase. was performed on the immunohistochemical slices. A risk prediction model for survival in HCC patients was established by integrating immune-related biomarkers and clinicopathological indicators. RESULTS: The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage; the microvascular invasion status; the density of TILs; the expressing levels of CD66b, OX40, and PD-L1 in the immune cell; CD68; and CD8 were the predictors of patients’ overall survival (OS). The BCLC stage; the density of TILs; and the expressions of OX40, CD68, and CD8 were associated with disease-free survival (DFS). The expressions of CD66b, CD68, OX40, and CD8 had a cumulative effect on prognosis. The area under the curve of the prediction model for OS based on clinicopathological features was improved from 0.62 to 0.74 by adding to CD8, OX40, CD68, CD66b, and TILs, whereas it was improved from 0.59 to 0.73 for the DFS prediction model. CONCLUSION: Our results, if confirmed, indicated that immune-related biomarkers should be taken into account or stratified in survival analysis for HCC. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9353009/ /pubmed/35936682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.925362 Text en Copyright © 2022 Wan, Lu, Xu, Yuan, Xiao, Xie and Wu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Wan, Haifeng Lu, Shan Xu, Lin Yuan, Kefei Xiao, Yang Xie, Kunlin Wu, Hong Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title | Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full | Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_short | Immune-Related Biomarkers Improve Performance of Risk Prediction Models for Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_sort | immune-related biomarkers improve performance of risk prediction models for survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9353009/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35936682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.925362 |
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