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Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency

Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to a low response rate and severe side effects, and these challenges of immunotherapy in clinics can be addressed through induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD is elicited from many antitumor therapies to release danger ass...

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Autores principales: Li, Zhilin, Lai, Xiaoqin, Fu, Shiqin, Ren, Long, Cai, Hao, Zhang, Hu, Gu, Zhongwei, Ma, Xuelei, Luo, Kui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9353475/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35652198
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202201734
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author Li, Zhilin
Lai, Xiaoqin
Fu, Shiqin
Ren, Long
Cai, Hao
Zhang, Hu
Gu, Zhongwei
Ma, Xuelei
Luo, Kui
author_facet Li, Zhilin
Lai, Xiaoqin
Fu, Shiqin
Ren, Long
Cai, Hao
Zhang, Hu
Gu, Zhongwei
Ma, Xuelei
Luo, Kui
author_sort Li, Zhilin
collection PubMed
description Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to a low response rate and severe side effects, and these challenges of immunotherapy in clinics can be addressed through induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD is elicited from many antitumor therapies to release danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and tumor‐associated antigens to facilitate maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The process can reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment to improve the sensitivity of immunotherapy. Nanostructure‐based drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are explored to induce ICD by incorporating therapeutic molecules for chemotherapy, photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal conversion agents for photothermal therapy (PTT), and radiosensitizers for radiotherapy (RT). These NDDSs can release loaded agents at a right dose in the right place at the right time, resulting in greater effectiveness and lower toxicity. Immunotherapeutic agents can also be combined with these NDDSs to achieve the synergic antitumor effect in a multi‐modality therapeutic approach. In this review, NDDSs are harnessed to load multiple agents to induce ICD by chemotherapy, PDT, PTT, and RT in combination of immunotherapy to promote the therapeutic effect and reduce side effects associated with cancer treatment.
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spelling pubmed-93534752022-08-09 Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency Li, Zhilin Lai, Xiaoqin Fu, Shiqin Ren, Long Cai, Hao Zhang, Hu Gu, Zhongwei Ma, Xuelei Luo, Kui Adv Sci (Weinh) Reviews Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to a low response rate and severe side effects, and these challenges of immunotherapy in clinics can be addressed through induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD is elicited from many antitumor therapies to release danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and tumor‐associated antigens to facilitate maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The process can reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment to improve the sensitivity of immunotherapy. Nanostructure‐based drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are explored to induce ICD by incorporating therapeutic molecules for chemotherapy, photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal conversion agents for photothermal therapy (PTT), and radiosensitizers for radiotherapy (RT). These NDDSs can release loaded agents at a right dose in the right place at the right time, resulting in greater effectiveness and lower toxicity. Immunotherapeutic agents can also be combined with these NDDSs to achieve the synergic antitumor effect in a multi‐modality therapeutic approach. In this review, NDDSs are harnessed to load multiple agents to induce ICD by chemotherapy, PDT, PTT, and RT in combination of immunotherapy to promote the therapeutic effect and reduce side effects associated with cancer treatment. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9353475/ /pubmed/35652198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202201734 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Reviews
Li, Zhilin
Lai, Xiaoqin
Fu, Shiqin
Ren, Long
Cai, Hao
Zhang, Hu
Gu, Zhongwei
Ma, Xuelei
Luo, Kui
Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency
title Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency
title_full Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency
title_fullStr Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency
title_full_unstemmed Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency
title_short Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency
title_sort immunogenic cell death activates the tumor immune microenvironment to boost the immunotherapy efficiency
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9353475/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35652198
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202201734
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