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Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints

Yields of wheat crops that succeed rice paddy crops are generally low. To date, it has been unclear whether such low yields were due to rice paddies altering soil physical or mineral characteristics, or both. To investigate this quandary, we conducted field experiments in the Jianghan Plain to analy...

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Autores principales: Yang, Rui, Wang, Zhuangzhi, Fahad, Shah, Geng, Shiying, Zhang, Chengxiang, Harrison, Matthew Tom, Adnan, Muhammad, Saud, Shah, Zhou, Meixue, Liu, Ke, Wang, Xiaoyan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9354814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35937355
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.959784
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author Yang, Rui
Wang, Zhuangzhi
Fahad, Shah
Geng, Shiying
Zhang, Chengxiang
Harrison, Matthew Tom
Adnan, Muhammad
Saud, Shah
Zhou, Meixue
Liu, Ke
Wang, Xiaoyan
author_facet Yang, Rui
Wang, Zhuangzhi
Fahad, Shah
Geng, Shiying
Zhang, Chengxiang
Harrison, Matthew Tom
Adnan, Muhammad
Saud, Shah
Zhou, Meixue
Liu, Ke
Wang, Xiaoyan
author_sort Yang, Rui
collection PubMed
description Yields of wheat crops that succeed rice paddy crops are generally low. To date, it has been unclear whether such low yields were due to rice paddies altering soil physical or mineral characteristics, or both. To investigate this quandary, we conducted field experiments in the Jianghan Plain to analyze differences in the spatial distribution of wheat roots between rice-wheat rotation (RW) and dryland-wheat rotations (DW) using a range of nitrogen treatments. Dryland wheat crops were preceded by either dryland soybean or corn in the prior summer. Biomass of wheat crops in RW systems was significantly lower than that of DW for all N fertilizer treatments, although optimal nitrogen management resulted in comparable wheat yields in both DW and RW. Soil saturated water capacity and non-capillary porosity were higher in DW than RW, whereas soil bulk density was higher in RW. Soil available nitrogen and organic matter were higher in DW than RW irrespective of N application, while soil available P and K were higher under RW both at anthesis and post-harvest stages. At anthesis, root length percentage (RLP) was more concentrated in surface layers (0–20 cm) in RW, whereas at 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm, RLP was higher in DW than RW for all N treatments. At maturity, RLP were ranked 0–20 > 20–40 > 40–60 cm under both cropping systems irrespective of N fertilization. Root length percentage and soil chemical properties at 0–20 cm were positively correlated (r = 0.79 at anthesis, r = 0.68 at post-harvest) with soil available P, while available N (r = −0.59) and soil organic matter (r = −0.39) were negatively correlated with RLP at anthesis. Nitrogen applied at 180 kg ha(−1) in three unform amounts of 60 kg N ha(−1) at sowing, wintering and jointing resulted in higher yields than other treatments for both cropping systems. Overall, our results suggest that flooding of rice paddies increased bulk density and reduced available nitrogen, inhibiting the growth and yield of subsequent wheat crops relative to rainfed corn or soybean crops.
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spelling pubmed-93548142022-08-06 Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints Yang, Rui Wang, Zhuangzhi Fahad, Shah Geng, Shiying Zhang, Chengxiang Harrison, Matthew Tom Adnan, Muhammad Saud, Shah Zhou, Meixue Liu, Ke Wang, Xiaoyan Front Plant Sci Plant Science Yields of wheat crops that succeed rice paddy crops are generally low. To date, it has been unclear whether such low yields were due to rice paddies altering soil physical or mineral characteristics, or both. To investigate this quandary, we conducted field experiments in the Jianghan Plain to analyze differences in the spatial distribution of wheat roots between rice-wheat rotation (RW) and dryland-wheat rotations (DW) using a range of nitrogen treatments. Dryland wheat crops were preceded by either dryland soybean or corn in the prior summer. Biomass of wheat crops in RW systems was significantly lower than that of DW for all N fertilizer treatments, although optimal nitrogen management resulted in comparable wheat yields in both DW and RW. Soil saturated water capacity and non-capillary porosity were higher in DW than RW, whereas soil bulk density was higher in RW. Soil available nitrogen and organic matter were higher in DW than RW irrespective of N application, while soil available P and K were higher under RW both at anthesis and post-harvest stages. At anthesis, root length percentage (RLP) was more concentrated in surface layers (0–20 cm) in RW, whereas at 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm, RLP was higher in DW than RW for all N treatments. At maturity, RLP were ranked 0–20 > 20–40 > 40–60 cm under both cropping systems irrespective of N fertilization. Root length percentage and soil chemical properties at 0–20 cm were positively correlated (r = 0.79 at anthesis, r = 0.68 at post-harvest) with soil available P, while available N (r = −0.59) and soil organic matter (r = −0.39) were negatively correlated with RLP at anthesis. Nitrogen applied at 180 kg ha(−1) in three unform amounts of 60 kg N ha(−1) at sowing, wintering and jointing resulted in higher yields than other treatments for both cropping systems. Overall, our results suggest that flooding of rice paddies increased bulk density and reduced available nitrogen, inhibiting the growth and yield of subsequent wheat crops relative to rainfed corn or soybean crops. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9354814/ /pubmed/35937355 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.959784 Text en Copyright © 2022 Yang, Wang, Fahad, Geng, Zhang, Harrison, Adnan, Saud, Zhou, Liu and Wang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Yang, Rui
Wang, Zhuangzhi
Fahad, Shah
Geng, Shiying
Zhang, Chengxiang
Harrison, Matthew Tom
Adnan, Muhammad
Saud, Shah
Zhou, Meixue
Liu, Ke
Wang, Xiaoyan
Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints
title Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints
title_full Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints
title_fullStr Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints
title_full_unstemmed Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints
title_short Rice Paddies Reduce Subsequent Yields of Wheat Due to Physical and Chemical Soil Constraints
title_sort rice paddies reduce subsequent yields of wheat due to physical and chemical soil constraints
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9354814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35937355
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.959784
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