In vitro growth of the ovarian follicle: taking stock of advances in research

Several factors are necessary for the growth and survival of healthy follicles in the folliculogenesis process, including endocrine and paracrine glands, and a regulated ratio of granulosa cells to oocytes. One of the most powerful methods for studying folliculogenesis is the culture of ovarian follicles and oogenesis within a completely controlled environment. Follicle culture systems are highly developed and are rapidly evolving. However, the methods for separating the follicles, the cultivation techniques, the culture medium, and the dietary and hormonal supplements vary depending on the species studied. This study made a literature review of follicular culture techniques, and we investigated the heterogeneity among these key variables in follicular culture.