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The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction

Electrochemical intercalation can enable lithium extraction from dilute water sources. However, during extraction, co-intercalation of lithium and sodium ions occurs, and the response of host materials to this process is not fully understood. This aspect limits the rational materials designs for imp...

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Autores principales: Yan, Gangbin, Kim, George, Yuan, Renliang, Hoenig, Eli, Shi, Fengyuan, Chen, Wenxiang, Han, Yu, Chen, Qian, Zuo, Jian-Min, Chen, Wei, Liu, Chong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9355959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35931691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32369-y
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author Yan, Gangbin
Kim, George
Yuan, Renliang
Hoenig, Eli
Shi, Fengyuan
Chen, Wenxiang
Han, Yu
Chen, Qian
Zuo, Jian-Min
Chen, Wei
Liu, Chong
author_facet Yan, Gangbin
Kim, George
Yuan, Renliang
Hoenig, Eli
Shi, Fengyuan
Chen, Wenxiang
Han, Yu
Chen, Qian
Zuo, Jian-Min
Chen, Wei
Liu, Chong
author_sort Yan, Gangbin
collection PubMed
description Electrochemical intercalation can enable lithium extraction from dilute water sources. However, during extraction, co-intercalation of lithium and sodium ions occurs, and the response of host materials to this process is not fully understood. This aspect limits the rational materials designs for improving lithium extraction. Here, to address this knowledge gap, we report one-dimensional (1D) olivine iron phosphate (FePO(4)) as a model host to investigate the co-intercalation behavior and demonstrate the control of lithium selectivity through intercalation kinetic manipulations. Via computational and experimental investigations, we show that lithium and sodium tend to phase separate in the host. Exploiting this mechanism, we increase the sodium-ion intercalation energy barrier by using partially filled 1D lithium channels via non-equilibrium solid-solution lithium seeding or remnant lithium in the solid-solution phases. The lithium selectivity enhancement after seeding shows a strong correlation with the fractions of solid-solution phases with high lithium content (i.e., Li(x)FePO(4) with 0.5 ≤ x < 1). Finally, we also demonstrate that the solid-solution formation pathway depends on the host material’s particle morphology, size and defect content.
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spelling pubmed-93559592022-08-07 The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction Yan, Gangbin Kim, George Yuan, Renliang Hoenig, Eli Shi, Fengyuan Chen, Wenxiang Han, Yu Chen, Qian Zuo, Jian-Min Chen, Wei Liu, Chong Nat Commun Article Electrochemical intercalation can enable lithium extraction from dilute water sources. However, during extraction, co-intercalation of lithium and sodium ions occurs, and the response of host materials to this process is not fully understood. This aspect limits the rational materials designs for improving lithium extraction. Here, to address this knowledge gap, we report one-dimensional (1D) olivine iron phosphate (FePO(4)) as a model host to investigate the co-intercalation behavior and demonstrate the control of lithium selectivity through intercalation kinetic manipulations. Via computational and experimental investigations, we show that lithium and sodium tend to phase separate in the host. Exploiting this mechanism, we increase the sodium-ion intercalation energy barrier by using partially filled 1D lithium channels via non-equilibrium solid-solution lithium seeding or remnant lithium in the solid-solution phases. The lithium selectivity enhancement after seeding shows a strong correlation with the fractions of solid-solution phases with high lithium content (i.e., Li(x)FePO(4) with 0.5 ≤ x < 1). Finally, we also demonstrate that the solid-solution formation pathway depends on the host material’s particle morphology, size and defect content. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9355959/ /pubmed/35931691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32369-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Yan, Gangbin
Kim, George
Yuan, Renliang
Hoenig, Eli
Shi, Fengyuan
Chen, Wenxiang
Han, Yu
Chen, Qian
Zuo, Jian-Min
Chen, Wei
Liu, Chong
The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
title The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
title_full The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
title_fullStr The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
title_full_unstemmed The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
title_short The role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
title_sort role of solid solutions in iron phosphate-based electrodes for selective electrochemical lithium extraction
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9355959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35931691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32369-y
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