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The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method

The reality of socio-religious harmony in Sabah is undeniable. Some visible evidence, and its distinct social environment foster religious tolerance and encouraging people to accept others as they are. On what grounds does this harmony persist, given that situations in Malaysia show that interfaith...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mohd Khalli, Mohd Nazmi, Sintang, Suraya, Kamu, Assis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9356170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35942282
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09976
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author Mohd Khalli, Mohd Nazmi
Sintang, Suraya
Kamu, Assis
author_facet Mohd Khalli, Mohd Nazmi
Sintang, Suraya
Kamu, Assis
author_sort Mohd Khalli, Mohd Nazmi
collection PubMed
description The reality of socio-religious harmony in Sabah is undeniable. Some visible evidence, and its distinct social environment foster religious tolerance and encouraging people to accept others as they are. On what grounds does this harmony persist, given that situations in Malaysia show that interfaith disputes have never been silent? Examining this phenomenon considers the community, even attempting to disrupt Sabah's long-established harmonious relations. Therefore, the study goal is to develop a framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah which is unique in its own diverse culture and religions. This study employs the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), prioritizing expert consensus in determining the investigation results. The study has selected seventeen experts from various professional backgrounds: academicians, policymakers, community leaders, non-government (NGO), and religious leaders. The results have identified three constructs, nine elements, and 43 of the 62 expert-agreed-upon criteria, which were then displayed hierarchically as a model of socio-religious harmony framework in Sabah. The finding also reveals the top ten highest ranking criteria agreed upon by experts for considering variables of establishing socio-religious harmony in Sabah. Ultimately, the study gives a clear framework for future studies to measure a level of social harmony in Sabah, and significantly contribute as a guideline throughout Malaysia as a whole.
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spelling pubmed-93561702022-08-07 The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method Mohd Khalli, Mohd Nazmi Sintang, Suraya Kamu, Assis Heliyon Research Article The reality of socio-religious harmony in Sabah is undeniable. Some visible evidence, and its distinct social environment foster religious tolerance and encouraging people to accept others as they are. On what grounds does this harmony persist, given that situations in Malaysia show that interfaith disputes have never been silent? Examining this phenomenon considers the community, even attempting to disrupt Sabah's long-established harmonious relations. Therefore, the study goal is to develop a framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah which is unique in its own diverse culture and religions. This study employs the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), prioritizing expert consensus in determining the investigation results. The study has selected seventeen experts from various professional backgrounds: academicians, policymakers, community leaders, non-government (NGO), and religious leaders. The results have identified three constructs, nine elements, and 43 of the 62 expert-agreed-upon criteria, which were then displayed hierarchically as a model of socio-religious harmony framework in Sabah. The finding also reveals the top ten highest ranking criteria agreed upon by experts for considering variables of establishing socio-religious harmony in Sabah. Ultimately, the study gives a clear framework for future studies to measure a level of social harmony in Sabah, and significantly contribute as a guideline throughout Malaysia as a whole. Elsevier 2022-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9356170/ /pubmed/35942282 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09976 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Mohd Khalli, Mohd Nazmi
Sintang, Suraya
Kamu, Assis
The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method
title The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method
title_full The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method
title_fullStr The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method
title_full_unstemmed The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method
title_short The framework of socio-religious harmony in Sabah, East Malaysia: An application of Fuzzy Delphi method
title_sort framework of socio-religious harmony in sabah, east malaysia: an application of fuzzy delphi method
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9356170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35942282
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09976
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