Modeling and Simulations of Moving Droplets in Relation to SARS-CoV-19 Generated by Respiratory System

Contemporary issues such as epidemics and the prevalence of infectious indicate that there is a pressing need to better understand the dynamics of transmission in air and facemasks. Consistent with previous literature, coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) is caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2. Coronavirus adds a new element to fluid fragmentation leading to respiratory droplets and which are transmitted via air during coughing, sneezing and talking. The behavior of virus-laden droplets of saliva particles arising from a human cough is described by Navier–Stokes equation for turbulent flow. The predicted velocity and pressure for droplets flow with time are presented. Hence, wall-normal profiles of velocity, pressure and concentration are obtained from boundary-layer approximations and the Navier–Stokes equations are solved on a two-dimensional shell mesh. The purpose of this study is to provide a perspective on the role of masks in the COVID-19 pandemic with an emphasis on the mechanism of droplet leakage and the droplet dispersion in this masks medical non-pharmaceutical intervention.